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Unit 2 Test

QuestionAnswer
author of Common Sense Thomas Paine
philosopher whose ideas were written into the Declaration of Independence John Locke
Created the English Bill of Rights in 1689 Parliament
the first representative assembly, or legislature, in the English colonies House of Burgesses
an agreement or contract among a group of people compact
a detailed written plan for government Constitution
system of law based on precedent and customs common law
a ruling in an earlier court case that is similar to a current case precedent
the theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys mercantilism
a list of protections for all individuals in England English Bill of Rights
established a system of direct democracy still visible in New England today Mayflower Compact
the colonists first attempt at a constitution Articles of Confederation
pivotal document that we give credit to for convincing colonists that independence was the best idea Common Sense
a law-making body legislature
a group of people in one place who are ruled by a parent country elsewhere colony
a written document granting land and the authority to establish a government charter
representatives delegates
rights people are born with natural rights
rights that can not be take away unalienable rights
Enlightenment philosopher in favor of religious tolerance Voltaire
The idea that governments get their power from the consent of the governed comes from who? Ancient Greece
Which civilization had the beginnings of representative government? Ancient Rome
No one is above the law Rule of law
one of the first formal documents saying a monarch had to follow the law Magna Carta
Group of Native Americans that worked together to form a common goal Iroquois
period of time when people developed new ideas about human existence Enlightenment
salons places in cities where people gathered to discuss philosophy and ways to improve the human experience
natural rights the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness
a government where citizens elect representatives to make laws republic
What did Machiavelli write about in his book, The Prince? the end of keeping power was so important it justified the method
checks and balances allowing different branches of government to limit each other's power
Why is the idea of checks and balances important? It still works to this day.
What were the two branches of Parliament in the 1800s? House of Commons and House of Lords
What makes up the United States Congress? Senate and House of Representatives
True or False- Separation of power happens when everyone follows the law False
where a prince or king holds all of the power over its subjects monarchy
self-reliance gained from outside control independence
peaceful transfer or power that changed the idea of government in England Glorious Revolution
According to Rousseau, what happened when people lived in a state of nature? Natural Freedom
According to Rousseau, what is social freedom? happens when people sacrifice some natural freedom so they can have the freedom that comes with security and protection
According to Rousseau, what is general will? things that are in the best interest of society as a whole
majority rule more than what half the people want
How were Machiavelli's ideas different in his second book? He argued in favor of liberty- people and not rulers are best able to choose their leaders
What was appealing to Machiavelli about the government in France? the power of the king was checked
The branch that makes the laws legislative
The branch that carries out or enforces the laws executive
The branch that interprets the laws judicial
What was one thing missing under the Articles? a chief executive
Why did the Articles of Confederation not allow for the creation of a military? They were afraid of a central government with a strong army
States send these to Congress Representatives
the "individuals" in the "confederation" created by the Articles states
How many branches were there under the Articles of Confederation? 1
How many branches are there currently in the United States? 3
The document that replaced the Articles of Confederation? the Constitution
How many Senators does each state get? 2
How many members of the House of Representatives does each state get? it is based on population
Created by: hmward
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