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ANAT & PHYS II: BONE

SKELETAL

QuestionAnswer
Classification of Bones by Region: bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. Axial skeleton
bones of the upper and lower limbs, shoulder, and hip. Appendicular skeleton
Contains no blood vessels or nervesSurrounded by the perichondrium (dense irregular connective tissue) that resists outward expansion Skeletal Cartilages
Provides support, flexibility, and resilienceIs the most abundant skeletal cartilage Hyaline Cartilage
Found in the external ear and the epiglottis Elastic Cartilage
Highly compressed with great tensile strengthContains collagen fibers.Found in menisci of the knee and in intervertebral discs Fibrocartilage
Thin layer of hyaline cartilage. Reduces friction at joints Articular cartilage
Lines internal surfaces of bone. Surrounds medullary cavity Endosteum
Dense irregular connective tissue Periosteum
unspecialized stem cells Osteogenic cells
synthesize & secrete collagen Osteoblasts
mature bone cells Osteocytes
digest bone matrix Osteoclasts
weight-bearing, column-like matrix tubes composed mainly of collagen Lamella
connecting blood and nerve supply of the periosteum to that of the Haversian canal Perforating or Volkmanns canals
small cavities containing osteocytes Lacunae
canals that connect lacunae Canaliculi
The____ _____ is the site of long bone growth epiphyseal plate
Factors Affecting Bone Growth Growth Hormone IGFs Thyroid hormone and insulin,Sex steroids Calcitonin and Parathyroid hormone
Lateral bending of vertebral column Scoliosis
Increase in the thoracic curve of the vertebral column Kyphosis
Increase in the lumbar curve of the vertebral column Lordosis
A genetic bone disorder, also known as “brittle bone disease” Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Bone resorption outpaces bone development Can be due to calcium loss. Bone mass becomes so depleted that fractures can occur spontaneously Osteoporosis
Created by: ascpstudent100
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