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Protein Santa Sabina

Protein

QuestionAnswer
Name 2 types of Protein LBV (Low Biological Value) HBV (High Biological Value)
Where does HBV come from? Eggs Meat Seafood Dairy Soya
Where does LBV come from? Cereals Pasta Potatoes Nuts Seeds
What is Protein made of? A chain of amino acids, twisted to make a protein shape
What happens when we eat Protein? It gets broken down into Amino Acids
What is dietary Protein? We get it from food we eat. It gives us Essential Amino Acids
What is Protein for? It helps to develop cells, muscles and skin
What are the elements of Protein? Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O) Nitrogen (N)
Give 2 pointes on Amino Acids Cannot be made by the body You MUST get them from your food
Give 2 points on Non-essential Amino Acids Can be made by the body You do not need to get them from food
Name the 3 structures of Protein Primary Secondary Tertiary
What is a Primary Protein structure? This is a simple polypeptide chain
What is a Secondary Protein structure? This is when the polypeptide chains are coiled or folded. This forms a definite shape
What is a Tertiary Protein structure? This is when the polypeptide chains are folded to make a 3D shape
What is Protein Denaturation? It is the change in the structure of the protein. Property of protein , the unfurling of the protein chains to an irreversible shape.
Where are Amino Acids absorbed? In the small intestine
What is Protein Deamination Excess protein is used for energy. It happens in the liver and the COOH particle is converted to glycogen for energy production and the NH2 Is converted to ammonia and excreted as urine.
What is the RDA of protein 1g per kg of body weight, but it is different for some groups, eg maturing teenagers or pregnant women
Where are Amino Acids transported to? The liver, via the hepatic portal vein.
Classify proteins according o their chemical structure Primary, Secondary and Tertiary
Classify proteins according to their type HBV or LBV
Name a food source for Albumin Egg white, Meat
Name a food source for Caseinogen Milk, Cheese
Name a food source for Collagen Meat, Fish
Name a food source for Actin Meat, Fish
Name a food source for Gluten Wheat, Flour
Name a food source for Myosin Meat, fish
Name a food source for Gelatin Animals (Cows, Pigs)
What is the difference between Essential & Non-Essential Amino Acids? Name 4 examples of each. Essential Amino Acids: Cannot be made by the body Must be supplied in the diet Non-Essential Amino Acids
What is a supplementary/Complementary value of protein? If a food doesn’t have enough of one amino acid, you can eat it with another food to bring that amino acid. Eg. Beans on Toast
Properties of protein Denatured by agitation, chemicals, heat or enzymes Coagulated by heat and enzymes Insoluble in water Forms a foam (eg. Whisking egg white) Forms a gel (eg collagen is converted into gélatine Dry Heat causes the Maillard reaction
What happens when proteins are digested? They are hydrolysed to produce amino acids
What happens to proteins in the stomach? The proteins are denatured and broken down not peptones by the action of pepsin.
What happens protein in the small intestine? Trypsin (enzyme) continues the hydrolysis of proteins. Peptides finishes digestion of protein to amino acids.
What is foam formation? When egg whites are whisked it forms air bubbles
What is the Mallard reaction? Dry heat causes the Maillard reaction between amino acids and carabohydrates It is an example of non-enzymic browning .(eg roasting meat)
What is another term for te Maillard reaction? Enzymic browning
What is gel formation? This is a semi-solid solution with a 3 dimensional network where the molecules in water become trapped. Eg Collagen converted into gelatine
What is a conjugated protein A protein which is attached to a non-protein group (eg lipids to form lipoproteins)
Created by: HelenMeaney
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