Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Digestive/Urinary
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absorption | Passage of Materials through the walls of the small intestine to the blood stream |
| Amino Acid | Small building blocks of proteins and is released when proteins are digested |
| Amylase | Enzyme secreted by the pancreas and salivary gland to digest starch |
| Anus | Terminal end or opening to the outside of the body |
| Appendix | Blind pouch hanging from the cecum |
| Bile | Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder and breaks up large fat Globules composed of bile pigments, cholesterol, and bile salts |
| Bilirubin | the pigment found in bile |
| Bowel | Intestine |
| Canine Teeth | pointed dog like teeth on the dental arch |
| Cecum | first part of the large intestine |
| Colon | Consists of the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments; another name for the large intestines |
| Common Bile Duct | carries bile form the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum/choledochus |
| Defecation | Elimination of feces from the digestive track through the anus |
| Deglutition | Swallowing |
| Dentin | commonly found in teeth and covered by the enamel in the crown and is a protective layer of the cementum in the root |
| Digestion | Break sown of complex foods into simpler forms |
| Duodenum | first part of the small intestine; measures 12 inches |
| Elimination | Act of removal of materials from the body |
| Emulsification | physical process of breaking do up large fat globules into smaller ones |
| Enamel | hard outer layer of the tooth |
| Enzyme | chemical that speeds up reactions between substances; names always end in -ase |
| Esophagus | tube that connects the throat to the stomach |
| Fatty Acids | substance produced when fats are digested and a category of lipids |
| Feces | solid waste/stool |
| Gallbladder | Small sac under the liver that stores bile |
| Glucose | Simple sugar |
| Glycogen | Starch; glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver cells |
| Hydrochloric Acid | Substance produced by the stomach necessary for digestion |
| ileum | Third part of small intestine |
| incisor | 1/4 front teeth in the dental arch |
| Jejunum | hormone produced by endocrine cells in the pancreas that transports sugar from the blood into cells and stimulates glycogen formation in the liver |
| Lipase | Pancreatic enzyme needed to digest fat |
| Liver | large organ in the RUQ of the abdomen that secrets bile, stores sugar, iron, and vitamins, produces blood proteins, destroys RBC's, filters toxins, weighs 2 1/2- 3lbs |
| Lower Esophageal Sphincter (Cardiac Sphincter) | ring of muscles between the esophagus and stomach; cardiac sphincter |
| Mastication | Chewing |
| Molar Teeth | 6th,7th,8th teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch |
| Palate | roof of mouth |
| Pancreas | organ behind the stomach that produces enzymes and insulin |
| Papillae/Papilla | small bumps on the tongue |
| Peristalsis | rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs |
| Pharyxn | Throat; the common passage way for food from mouth or air from nose |
| Portal Vein | large vein that brings blood from the liver to the intestines |
| Protease | Enzymes that digest protein |
| Pulp | soft tissue within the tooth containing nerves and blood vessels |
| Pyloric Sphincter | ring of muscles at the end of the stomach near the duodenum and it opens when a wave of peristalsis passes over it |
| Pylorus | Distal region of the stomach/opening to the duodenum |
| Rectum | last section of the lar intestines connecting the end to the anus |
| Rugae | ridges on the hard palate and on stomach wall |
| Saliva | digestive juice produced by Salivary Gland and contains the enzyme amylase |
| Salivary glands | Patroid, sublingual ,and submandibular glands |
| Sphincter | Circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage/closes a natural opening |
| Stomach | Muscular organ that receives food from esophagus |
| Triglycerides | Fat molecules composed of fatty Acids and one part glycerol/subgroup of lipids |
| Uvula | soft tissue hanging in the middle of the soft palate |
| Villi/Villus | Microscopic projections in the wall of the small intestine that absorbs nutrients into the blood stream |
| Sigmoid Colon | 4th and last S-shaped segment of the colon that starts just before the rectum and empties into it |
| Rein | Enzymatic hormone in adjusting blood pressure |
| Erythroprotein | Hormone that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow |
| Calciferol | Active form of vitamin D necessary for absorption of calcium from the small intestine |
| Arteriole | Small artery |
| Calyx/Calix | Cup like region of the renal pelvis that carries blood to the capillaries |
| Catheter | tube used for injecting or removing fluids |
| Cortex | outer region of the organ |
| Creatinine | nitrogenous waste execrated in urine |
| Electrolyte | Chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water |
| Filtration | Process whereby some substances pass through a filter |
| Glomerular capsule | enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus; also called bowman capsule |
| Glomerulus | Tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney |
| Hilum | depression in the part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave |
| Kidney | one of two bean shaped organs that filter waste from the blood stream to form urine |
| Meatus | opening or canal |
| Medulla | inner region of an organ |
| Nephron | The functional unit of the kidney where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place |
| Nitrogenous Waste | substances containing nitrogen and excreted in urine |
| Potassium (k+) | An electrolyte regulated by the kidney |
| Reabsorption | Renal tubes return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream |
| Renal Artery | Blood vessel that caries blood to the kidneys |
| Renal Pelvis | Central Collecting region in the kidney |
| Renal tubules | Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration |
| Renal Vein | Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidneys |
| Renin | Hormone secreted by the kidney that raises blood pressure |
| sodium (NA+) | An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; common form is sodium chloride or salt |
| Trigone | Triangular area in the urinary Bladder |
| Urea | Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine |
| Ureter | One of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
| Urethra | tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
| Uric Acid | Nitrogenous waste product excreted in the urine |
| Urinary Bladder | Hollow muscular sac that holds/stores urine |
| Urination/Voiding | Process of expelling urine |
| Chyme | A semi-liquid, Partially digested mass that passes to the small intestines |
| Calorie | A unit used to measure the amount of energy in foods |
| Nutrient | Substances in foods that supply energy and raw materials your body needs for growth and repair |
| Alimentary Canal | The one way tube that passes through the body beginning with the mouth and ending with the anus |
| Vitamins | Complex organic molecules that activate enzymes and help them function |
| Water | essential component used for chemical reactions in the body as well as used for cooling the body |
| Bolus | A ball of thoroughly moistened/chewed food that passes down the esophagus |
| Lacteal | Lymphatic vessels that absorbs fatty acids and glycerol from the small intestines |
| Hard Palate | The boney roof of the mouth |
| Epiglottis | Prevents food from entering the trachea or windpipe |
| Larynx (Voice Box) | a hollow, tubular structure connected to the top of the trachea; air passes through the larynx on its way to the lungs. |
Created by:
ElinorW.
Popular Medical sets