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Anatomydefinitions
Health science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Skeletal System | made of organs called bones |
| Diaphyris | long shaft part of bone |
| epiphysis | two ends of the bone |
| Medullary canal | cavity in the diaphysis, contains yellow marrow |
| Yellow Marrow | made up of mostly fatty cells |
| endosteum | membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow in tact |
| Red Marrow | found in certain bones, such as vertebrae,ribs, sternum,and cranium, and in the proximal ends of the humerus and femur. It produces red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. |
| periosteum | tough membrane that covers bone |
| axial skeleton | forms the main trunk of the body, composed of skull, spinal column, ribs, and breastbone. |
| appendicular skeleton | forms the extremities and is composed of the shoulder or girdel, arm bones, pelvic gridle, and leg bones. |
| Cranium | spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain. |
| Fontanels | spaces that allow for the enlargement of the skull as the brain grows. Made of membrane and cartilage. |
| Sutures | areas where the cranial bone have joined together. |
| Foramina | openings in the bone that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone. |
| Vertebrae | bones that protect the spinal cord and provide support for the head and trunk. 7 Cervical, 12 Thoracic, 5 Lumbar, 1 Sacrum, and 1 Coccyx. |
| Ribs | attach the thoracic vertebrae on the dorsal surface of the body. First seven are true ribs because they directly attach to the sternum. The next five are false because they attach to the rib above it. The last two are floating ribs. |
| sternum | breastbone, last bone of the axial skeleton. Consists of three parts: manubrium, gladidus, and xiphoid process. They protect the heart and lungs. |
| clavicle | collar bone |
| scapula | shoulder bone |
| humerus | upper arm bone |
| radius | lower arm, bone on thumb side |
| ulna | larger bone of the lower arm with a projection called the olecronen process at its upper end, forming the elbow. |
| Carpals | wrist |
| metacarpals | palm of the hand |
| phalanges | fingers and toes |
| os coxae | hip bones |
| femur | thigh bones |
| patella | kneecap |
| tibia | lower leg |
| fibula | lower leg |
| tarsals | ankle |
| metatarsals | instep of foot |
| joints | areas where two or more bones are joined together. |
| Ligaments | connective tissue bonds that help hold bones together at joints. |
| Diarthrosis joints | freely movable, ball-and-socket |
| Amphiorthrosis joints | slightly movable |
| synorthrosis joints | immovable joints |
Created by:
GShikak
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