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MUSC: Pathology

Terms for muscular pathologies

QuestionAnswer
adhesion band of scar tissue binding anatomical surfaces that are normally separate from each other. They can form in muscles or in internal organs, as a result of injury or surgery
atrophy weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures caused by pathology or by disuse over a long period of time
myalgia muscle pain
myolysis degeneration of muscle tissue
myorrhexis the rupture or tearing of a muscle
atonic lacking normal muscle tone or strength
dystonia a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement
hypotonia a condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles
ataxia lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement
contracture the permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues
intermittent claudication (IC) pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest
spasm sudden, involuntary muscle contraction
myoclonus the sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles
bradykinesia extreme slowness in movement
dyskinesia the distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions
hyperkinesia abnormally increased muscle function or activity
hemiparesis partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body
hemiplegia total paralysis of one side of the body
paraplegia paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
quadriplegia paralysis of all four extremities
amputation partial or complete removal of a limb
tremor shaking; rhythmic muscular movement
chorea sudden, rapid, jerky, purposeless movement involving limbs, trunk, or face
Created by: jfoote
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