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Blesi8e Ch09 Terms
[MA1] Anatomy and Structure [Tier 01]
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abdominal | pertaining to the abdomen |
| abdominopelvic | pertaining to the anterior body cavity below the diaphragm |
| anatomic | pertaining to the anatomy or structure of an organism |
| anatomy | the study of the physical structure of the body and its organs |
| anterior | before or in front of |
| biochemistry | a science concerned with the chemistry of plants and animals |
| buccal | the mouth; oral cavity |
| cardiac | pertaining to the heart |
| carriers | associated with disease inherited: one who carries, transport |
| caudal | refers to direction, toward the feet |
| cavities | a hollow space, such within the body or organs |
| cell membrane | the structure that surrounds and encloses a cell |
| centrioles | an organelle within the cell that plays a role in organizing microtubules that serve as the cell's skeletal system. |
| cephalic | directional term meaning towards the head |
| chromosomes | structures within the cells nucleus that store hereditary information |
| congenital | existing at birth |
| connective | that which connects or binds together: one of the five main tissues of the body |
| coronal | the plane dividing the body into front and back portions |
| cranial | pertaining to the cranium or scull |
| cytology | the study of the cell life and cell formation |
| cytoplasm | thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane. |
| cytotechnologist | a laboratory specialist who prepares and examines tissue cells to study cell formation |
| dehydration | withdrawal of water from the tissues naturally or artificially |
| diaphragm | the muscle of breathing that separates the thorax from the abdomen/ or divides the anterior cavity into an upper and a lower cavity |
| diffusion | a process whereby gas, liquid, or solid molecules distributes themselves evenly through a medium |
| distal | farthest from the center, from medial line or from the trunk |
| deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) | material within the chromosome that carries the genetic information |
| dominant gene | the prevailing gene |
| dorsal | pertaining to the back |
| edema | a condition of the body tissues containing abnormal amounts of fluid, usually intercellular; may be local or general |
| elements | substances in the simplest form; the basic building blocks of all matter |
| endocytosis | a cellular process to bring large molecules of material into cytoplasm of the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | an organelle within the cytoplasm of a cell who's general function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. |
| epigastric | pertaining to the area of the abdomen over the stomach |
| epithelial | pertaining to a type of cell or tissue that forms the skin and mucous membranes of the body |
| etiology | the cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition |
| exocytosis | a cellular process that moves materials within the cell to the outside |
| extremities | the terminal parts of the body the arms, legs |
| filtration | the movement of solutes and water across a semipermeable membrane as a result of force, such as blood pressure or gravity |
| frontal | anterior; the forehead bone; refers to the plane drawn through the side the body from the head to the foot |
| gene | a substance within the chromosome that dictates heredity |
| golgi apparatus | an organelle that helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell. |
| gross anatomy | refers to to the study of those features that can be observed with the naked eye by inspection and dissection |
| histology | the study of cells |
| histotechnologist | a laboratory specialist who prepares tissues for microscopic examination and diagnosis |
| homeostasis | maintenance of a constant or static condition of internal environment |
| horizontal | not vertical; flat and even; level; parallel to the plane of the horizon |
| hypertonic | having a higher concentration of salt than found in a red cell |
| hypochondriac | pertaining to the upper outer regions of the abdomen below the cartilage, referring to the ribs |
| hypogastric | referring to an abdominal area in the middle lower third of the abdomen |
| hypotonic iliac | having lower concentration of salt than found in a red blood cell |
| inferior | below, under |
| inguinal | referring to a region where the thigh joints the trunk of the body; the groin |
| involuntary | independent of or even contrary to will or choice |
| isotonic | having the same concentration of salt as found in a red blood cell |
| keloid | an overgrowth of new skin tissue; a scar |
| lateral | pertaining to the side |
| lumbar | pertaining to the back, specifically to the five vertebrae above the sacrum |
| lysosomes | an organelle within the cytoplasm of a cell who's main functions include the breakdown of macromolecules, cell membrane repairs, and response against foreign substances such as bacteria, viruses and other antigens. |
| medial | pertaining to the middle or midline |
| membrane | a thine, soft, pliable layer of tissue that lines a tube or cavity or covers an organ or structure |
| microscopic anatomy | an area of study that deals with features that can be seen only with a microscope |
| midline | the middle |
| midsagittal | an imaginary vertical plane made by dividing the body down the middle, creating equal right and left sides; also known as the midline |
| mitochondria | an organelle within the cytoplasm of the cell responsible for orchestrating cellular energy production |
| mitosis | the division of a cell |
| muscle | a type of tissue composed of contractile cells fibers that effect movement of the body |
| mutation | cellular change caused by an influence |
| myelin | a fatlike substance forming the principal component of the sheath of nerve fibers |
| nasal | pertaining to the nose |
| nerve | a group of nervous tissues bound together for the purpose of conducting nervous impulses |
| neurilemma | a thin membranous sheath enveloping a nerve fiber |
| neuron | a nerve cell |
| normal saline | a solution with the same salt content as that found within a red blood cell |
| nucleus | the vital body in the protoplasm of a cell |
| orbital | refers to the cavity within the skull where the eye is located |
| organ | a part of the body constructed of many types of tissue to perform a function |
| organelles | functional structures within the cytoplasm of a cell |
| osmosis | the process of diffusion of water or another solvent through a elected permeable membrane |
| osseous | bonelike, concerning bones |
| pathophysiology | the study of mechanisms by which disease occurs, the responses of the body to the disease process, and the effects of both on normal function |
| pelvic | pertaining to the pelvis |
| peritoneum | the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs |
| phagocytosis | ingestion and digestion of bacteria and particles by phagocytes |
| physiology | the study of the function of the cells, tissues, and organs of the body |
| pinocytosis | the process whereby a cell engulfs large amounts of liquid |
| posterior | toward the rear or back or toward the caudal end |
| proximal | nearest the point of attachment |
| pubic | pertaining to the middle section of the lower third of the abdomen, also referred to as the hypogastric |
| quadrant | one of four regions, as of the abdomen, divided for identification purposes |
| recessive gene | apparently suppressed in crossbred offspring in preference for a characteristic from the other parent |
| retroperitoneal | behind the peritoneum; posterior to the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity |
| ribosome | an organelle within the cytoplasm of the cell that functions as a micro-machine for making proteins. |
| skeletal | pertaining to the skeleton or bony structure; aslo to the muscles attached to the skeleton to permit movement |
| smooth | a type of involuntary muscle tissue found in internal organs |
| spinal | pertaining to the spinal column, canal, or cord |
| stem cells | cells with the ability to divide for indefinite periods in culture and to give rise to specialized cells |
| striated | a type of muscle tissue marked with stripes or striae |
| superior | above or higher than |
| syndrome | the combination of symptoms with disease or disorder |
| system | a group of organs working together to perform a function of the body |
| thoracic | pertaining to the thorax or chest |
| tissue | a collection of similar cells and fibers forming a structure in the body |
| trait | feature; a distinguishing feature of character or mind |
| transverse | lying across; the segment of large intestine that lies across the abdomen; a line drawn horizontally across the body or a structure |
| umbilical | pertaining to the umbilicus or navel of the abdomen |
| ventral | pertaining to the anterior or front side of the body |
| voluntary | under one's control; done by one's own choice |
| X-linked | connected to the cell's sex chromosome; a characteristic of the sex chromosome |
Created by:
MaesterRay
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