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American Government

Chapter 1 Terms

TermDefinition
Government The institution through which a society makes and enforces public policies.
Public Policies That all the things a government decides to do.
Legislative Power Power to make laws.
Executive Power Power to enforce and and administer laws.
Judicial Power Power to interpret laws.
Dictatorship A government in which all power rests with an individual or small group.
Democracy A government in which supreme authority rests with the people.
State A body of people, living in a defined territory, with a government that can make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority.
Sovereign To have supreme and absolute power within a territory.
Divine Right The theory that governments gain their authority from the will of God.
Autocracy A government in which a single person holds all political power.
Oligarchy A government in which a small, usually self-appointed group has the sole power to rule.
Unitary Government A government in which all power belongs to one central agency.
Federal Government A government in which power is divided between one central and several local governments.
Division of Powers The split of power between central and local governments.
Confederation An alliance of independent states.
Presidential Government A government with separate executive and legislative branches.
Parliamentary Government A government in which the executive branch is part of the legislative branch and subject to its control.
Majority Rule The principle that the will of the majority controls the actions of government.
Compromise The process of blending and adjusting competing views and interests.
Citizen One who holds certain rights and responsibilities within a state.
Free Enterprise System An economic system characterized by the private ownership of capital goods, private investment, and a competitive marketplace that determines success or failure.
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