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Anatomy Ch. 3
Uilani
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The inside of the cell is composed largely of a gel-like substance called | cytoplasm |
A spherical membrane-bound structure that contains the genetic material of the cell and is often referred to as the “command center” of the cell is the | nucleus. |
Often referred to as the “power plant” of the cell, which organelle is the site of ATP production? | mitochondrion |
Which letter indicates the rough endoplasmic reticulum? | C |
This membranous organelle is the site of protein synthesis for proteins that are secreted by the cell. | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
Which letter indicates the nucleolus? | A |
This organelle primarily modifies products from the rough ER, and it resembles a stack of hollow saucers, one cupped inside the next. | Golgi apparatus |
Cisternae of this organelle are continuous with the nuclear envelope. | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
The outer boundary of a human cell is called the | plasma membrane |
Which of the following cytoskeleton elements are the largest in diameter? | microtubules |
Which letter indicates the mitochondrion? | E |
Which of the following statements about integral proteins in the plasma membrane is false? | They are more abundant by volume than the membrane phospholipids. |
Which area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules in the cell? | centrosome |
The plasma membrane is composed of all of the following except | tubulin protein. |
This organelle is numerous in liver and kidney cells. | peroxisome |
Which letter indicates the plasma membrane? | B |
This organelle is characterized by folded membranes called cristae. | mitochondria |
Which letter indicates the Golgi apparatus? | D |
Which of the following is a type of cell extension that lines the intestines and other areas of the body? | microvilli |
Ribosomes are organelles that | float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. |
Phospholipids of the plasma membrane are arranged | as a bilayer with their nonpolar tails sandwiched between the polar heads. |
Which of the following is not a cytoskeleton element? | centriole |
In the matrix of the plasma membrane, a variety of proteins are embedded. Some of these proteins serve as passageway for Na+ ions or glucose. These proteins are called | transport proteins |
A major function of the cell membrane is to | control what enters and leaves the cell. |
This organelle is primarily a sac of powerful digestive enzymes called acid hydrolases. | lysosome |
Of the following, the only organelle that has a double membrane structure is the | mitochondrion |
This organelle has both a cis and a trans face | Golgi apparatus |
Which type of junction is formed when membrane channels of adjacent plasma membranes adhere to each other? | gap junction |
Ribosomes may be either free within the cytoplasm or bound to a membrane system known as the | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
This membranous organelle contains oxidase and catalase enzymes. | peroxisome |
The largest human cell, measuring about 150 μm, is a: | female sex cell or ovum. |
The cell extension that assists epithelial cells in absorption is called: | microvilli. |
Which cell fiber serves as part of our “cellular muscles?” | Microfilament |
The structure in cells that is associated with the enzymatic breakdown (digestion) of foreign material is the: Correct! | lysosome |
Damage to the centrosome and centrioles in a cell would have the greatest impact on which cell function? | Cell division |
Skin cells (epithelial) are held tightly together by | desmosomes |
Which of the following is not true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? | It makes lipids and carbohydrates |
Main cell structures include all of the following except: | interstitial fluid |
The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by | glycoprotein molecules |
Which cell extension lacks a central pair of microtubules, is not found in blood cells, and functions in the kidney to monitor urine flow? | Primary cilium |
Which of the following is not true about ribosomes? | Surrounded by a membrane structure |
Rafts are stiff groupings of membrane molecules. What is their function? | All of these are functions of rafts |
Which are the organelles that allow for the recycling of amino acids in the cell? | Proteasomes |
The fundamental organizational unit of life is the: | cell |
A list of the cell fibers from largest to smallest would read: | microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments |
Which of the following is not a function of the integral membrane proteins? | All of the above are functions of the integral membrane proteins. |
The barrier function of the plasma membrane is accomplished by the: | phospholipid bilayer |
The cell extension that contains microfilaments is called: | microvilli |
Which organelles consist of vesicles that have pinched off from the Golgi apparatus? | Lysosomes |
The ____ is often called the microtubule organizing center. | centrosome |
Tiny indentations of the plasma membrane that resemble caves are called: | caveolae |
The membranous structure containing substances that protect the cell from harm are: | both B and C. lysosomes, peroxisomes |
A specialized cell structure that propels the sperm is the: | flagellum |
The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily? | Cholesterol |
The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as: | plasma membrane |
Which of the following recognize and destroy nonself cells? | Immune cells |
ATP production occurs within which organelle? | Mitochondrion |
Which of the following is not a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? | Provides a site for ribosome attachment |
Granules or threads within the nucleus are called: | chromatin |
Which organelle processes and packages material to be secreted? | Golgi apparatus |
Which of the following organelles is considered a nonmembranous organelle? | Ribosome |
Projections from the cell that move materials and mucus are called: | cilia |
The nucleolus is composed chiefly of: | rRNA |
The enzyme catalase is an important chemical in the functioning of the: | peroxisomes |
In the cell membrane, the hydrophilic part of the phospholipid molecule | both A and B. faces the exterior of the cell. faces the interior of the cell. |