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MT Chapter 13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| balan/o | glans penis |
| orch/o | testis or testicle |
| orchid/o | testis or testicle |
| prostat/o | prostate |
| spermat/o | sperm (seed) |
| testis | one of the two male reproductive glands, located in the scrotum, that produce sperm and the hormone testosterone, also called testicle |
| sperm | male gamete or sex cell produced in the testes that unites with the oocyte in the female to produce offspring; also called spermatozoon |
| epididymis | coiled duct on the top and at the side of the testis that stores sperm before emission |
| prepuce | loose casing that covers the glans penis; removed by circumcision; also called foreskin |
| seminal vesicle | one of two sac-like structures behind the bladder and connected to the vas deferens on each side; secretes an alkaline substance into the semen to enable the sperm to live longer |
| ejaculatory duct | duct formed by the union of the ductus (vas) deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra |
| perineum | external region between the scrotum and anus in a male and between the vulva (external genitals) and anus in a female |
| azoospermia | semen without living spermatozoa; a sign of infertility in a male |
| anorchism | absence of one or both testes |
| cryptorchism | undescended testicle, or failure of a testis to descend into the scrotal sac during fetal development; the testis most often remains lodged in the abdomen or inguinal canal, requiring surgical repair, also called cryptorchidism |
| epididymitis | inflammation of the epididymis |
| phimosis | a narrowed condition of the prepuce (foreskin) resulting in its inability to be drawn over the glans penis, often leading to infection; commonly requires circumcision |
| testicular cancer | malignant tumor in one or both testicles commonly developing from the germ cells that produce sperm; classified in two groups according to growth potential |
| seminoma | most common type of testicular tumor, composed of immature germ cells; highly treatable with early detection |
| varicocele | enlarged, swollen, herniated veins near the testis |
| syphilis | sexually transmitted infection caused by a spirochete and which may involve any organ or tissue over time; usually manifests first on the skin, with the appearance of small, painless, red papules that erode and form bloodless ulcers called chancres |
| human papillomavirus (HPV) | virus transmitted by direct sexual contact that causes an infection that can occur on the skin or mucous membranes of the genitals |
| biopsy of the prostate | needle biopsy of the prostate gland; often performed using ultrasound guidance |
| testicular biopsy | biopsy of a testicle |
| urethrogram | x-ray of the urethra and prostate |
| semen analysis | study of semen, including a sperm count with observation of morphology (form) and motility; usually performed to rule out male infertility |
| endorectal sonogram of the prostate | scan of the prostate made after introducing an ultrasonic transducer into the rectum; also used to guide needle biopsy; also called transrectal sonogram of the prostate |
| circumcision | removal of the foreskin (prepuce), exposing the glans penis |
| epididymectomy | removal of an epididymis |
| human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which permits various opportunistic infections, malignancies, and neurologic diseases; contracted through exposure to contaminated blood or body fluid |
| scrotum | skin-covered pouch in the groin divided into two sacs, each containing a testis and an epididymis |
| orchioplasty | repair of a testicle |
| prostatectomy | removal of the prostate gland |
| transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) | removal of prostatic gland tissue through the urethra using a resectoscope, a specialized urologic endoscope; common treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy (BPH) |
| vasectomy | removal of a segment of the vas (ductus) deferens to produce sterility in the male |
| vasovasostomy | restoration of the function of the vas deferens to regain fertility after a vasectomy |
| chemotherapy | treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents that destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce |
| brachytherapy | radiation therapy technique involving internal implantation of radioactive isotopes, such as radioactive seeds to treat prostate cancer; brachy-, meaning short distance, refers to localized application |
| penile self-injection | intracavernosal (into the columns of penile erectile tissue) injection therapy causing an erection; used in treatment of erectile dysfunction |
| penile prosthesis | implantation of a device designed to provide an erection of the penis; used to treat physical impotence |
| aspermia | inability to secrete or ejaculate sperm |
| Cowper glands | pair of glands below the prostate, with ducts opening into the urethra, that adds a viscid (sticky) fluid to the semen; also called bulbourethral glands |
| glans penis | bulging structure at the distal end of the penis |
| prostate gland | trilobular gland that encircles the urethra just below the bladder and secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen, also called prostate |
| DRE | digital rectal examination |
| ED | erectile dysfunction |
| HPV | human papillomavirus |
| HSV-2 | herpes simplex virus type 2 |
| STD | sexually transmitted disease |
| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate |
| PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
Created by:
ghardin
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