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Muscle chapter 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the ability of skeletal muscles to shorten with force | contractility |
| the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | excitability |
| the ability to be stretched | extensibility |
| ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched | elasticity |
| Each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | epimysium |
| A connective tissue located outside the epimysium | Fascia |
| loose connective tissue surrounding muscle fasciculi | perimysium |
| what is the cytoplasm of each fiber filled with | myofibrils |
| a thread like structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | myofibrils |
| 2 major kinds of protein fibers in myofibrils | Actin myofilaments and myosin myofilaments |
| highly ordered units formed by actin and myosin myofilaments | sarcomeres |
| the charge difference across the membrane is called | resting membrane potential |
| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | motor neurons |
| axons enter what | muscle and branch |
| a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus | muscle twitch |
| the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is the ? | lag phase |
| the time of contraction is the | contraction phase |
| where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing | tetany |
| the increase in number of motor units being activated is called | recruitment |
| what is needed for energy for muscle contraction | ATP |
| Where is ATP produced | mitochondria |
| raises the eyebrows | occipitofrontalis |
| closes eyelids | orbicularis oculi |
| puckers the lips | orbicularis oris |
| flattens the cheeks | buccinators |
| smiling muscles | zygomaticus |
| sneering | levator labii superioris |
| frowning | depressor anguli oris |
| chewing | mastication |
| change the shape of the tongue | intrinsic tongue muscles |
| move the tongue | extrinsic tongue muscles |
| rotates scapula | trapezius |
| pulls scapula anteriorly | serratus anterior |
| adducts and flexes the arm | pectoralis major |
| medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm | latissimus dorsi |
| attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle | deltoid |
| extends the forearm | triceps |
| flexes the forearm | biceps brachii |
| flexes forearms | brachialis |
| flexes and supinates the forearm | brachioradialis |
| flexes the wrist | flexor carpi |
| extends the wrist | extensor carpi |
| flexes the fingers | flexor digitorum |
| extends the fingers | extensor digitorum |
| buttocks | gluteus maximus |
| extends the leg | quadriceps femoris |
| flexes the thigh | sartorius |
| flexes the leg and extends the thigh | hamstring muscle |
| forms the calf muscle | gastrocnemius and soleus |
| the length of the muscle does not change | isometric |
| the length of the muscle changes | isotonic |
| contract quickly and fatigue quickly | fast twitch fibers |
| contract slowly and more resistance to fatigue | slow twitch fibers |
| keeps head up and back straight | muscle tone |
| the most stationary end of the muscle | origin |
| the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement | insertion |
| the portion of the muscle between the origin nd the insertion | belly |
| muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements are called | synergist |
| muscle that work in opposition to one another are called | antagonists |
| the one muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement | prime mover |
| results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced | muscle fatigue |
| without oxygen | Anaerobic respiration |
| with oxygen | aerobic respiration |
| muscles are named according to | size, location, shape, origin, insertion, and function |
| how many muscles are in the foot | 20 |
| how many muscles are in our hands | 19 |
| what is the tendinous area of the abdominal wall | linea alba |
| what is on each side of the linea alba | rectus abdominis |
| what is another name for the calcaneal tendon | Achilles tendon |
| what are the foot muscles called | intrinsic foot muscles |
| what muscles are located between the metacarpals | interossi muscles |
| what do the interossi muscles do | they are responsible for abduction and adduction of the fingers |
| accomplishes quiet breathing | diaphragm |
| Most involved in breathing | external intercostals and internal intercostals |
| how many mastication muscles | 4 pairs |
| how many pairs of pterygoids | 2 |
| What is another name for origin | head |
| do some muscles have multiple origins or heads | Yes |
| what is the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose called | oxygen debt |
Created by:
Jaxfortner1
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