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Chapter 6~ Muscles
Anatomy/Physiology Chapter 6~ Muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Skeletal muscle ~ Shortens with force | Contractility |
| Skeletal muscle~ Responds to a stimulus | Excitability |
| The Ability To Be Stretched | Extensibility |
| The ability to recoil after it has been stretched | Elasticity |
| Skeletal Muscle is surrounded by what connective tissue sheath? | Epimysium |
| what is located outside the epimysium? (this surrounds and separates muscles) | Fascia |
| A muscle composed of numerous visible bundles: | Muscle Fasciculi |
| fasciculi are surrounded by: | Perimysium |
| Fasciculi is composed of single muscle cells called: | Fibers |
| Each fiber is surrounded by the connective tissue sheath | Endomysium |
| The cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with: | Myofibrils |
| A thread-like structure that extends form one end of the fiber to the other: | Myofibrils |
| thin Myofilaments, They resemble 2 minute strand of pearls twisted together: | Actin Myofilaments |
| Thick Myofilaments, They resemble bundles of minute golf clubs: | Myosin Myofilaments |
| Myosin myofilaments create: | sarcomeres |
| \/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/ /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ This structure resembles what?: | Z-Disk/Z-line |
| Two Z-lines make up a what? | Sarcomere |
| Each Z-line is an attachment site for what?: | Actin |
| The arrangment of Actin and Myosin give a: | Banded appearance |
| The A-band extends the: | length of myosin |
| The myosin filaments are anchored into the center of a sarcomere at a dark, staining band called the: | M-Line |
| In the center of each sarcomere is an area called the: | H-Zone |
| The outside of cell most membranes are: | Positively Charged |
| The inside of most cell membranes are: | Negatively Charged |
| The Z-Line is made up of: | Actin |
| The Charge difference across the membrane is called the: | Resting Membrane Potential |
| The brief reversal back of the charge is called the: | Action Potential |
| Nerves that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers: | Motor nuerons |
| Axons enter a muscle branch, each branch that connects to a muscle forms a: | Neuromuscular Junction/Synapse |
| These Synapses are found near the: | Center of the cell |
| A single muscle neuron is called and all skeletal fiber it innervates is called a: | Motor Unit |
| A single muscle is formed by man: | Motor Units |
| Formed by enlarged nerve terminal resting in an indention of muscle membrane: | Presynaptic Terminal |
| The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle is cell is the: | Synaptic Cleft |
| The muscle fiber attached to the presynaptic cleft is the: | Postsynaptic Terminal |
| Each presynaptic terminal contains a: | Synaptic Vesicles |
| Synaptic vesicles create a neurotransmitter called: | Acetylcholine |
| Acetylcholine: | Writes |
| Acetylcholinestererase | Erases the Acetylcholine |
| During muscle contraction the I-Band: | shortens |
| During muscle contraction the H-Band: | shortens |
| During muscle contraction the A-Band: | Does not change in length |
| The sliding of actin and myosin: | Sliding Filament Mechanism |
| A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes action potential in one or more muscle fibers: | Muscle Twitch |
| A muscle fiber won't respond to a stimulus until it reaches its: | Threshold |
| A muscle will not respond to a stimulus, the muscle fiber may contract manually: | all-or-none response |
| The time between application of a stimulus motor neuron and the beginning of muscle contraction is the: | Lag Phase |
| The time of contraction is the: | Contraction Phase |
| The time when muscles relax is the: | Relaxation Phase |
| The muscle remains contracted without relaxing: | Tetany |
| The increase in number of motor units being activated is called: | Recruitment |
| Needed fir energy for muscle contractoin: | ATP |
| ATP is produced in the: | Mitochondria |
| ATP is short lived, it turns into: | ADP |
| ATP created the more stable: | ADP |
| What is needed for energy in muscle contraction?: | ATP |
| What is necessary for muscle cells to constantly produce?: | ATP |
| When at rest ATP can't be stockpiled, this results in what?: | Another high-energy molecule which can be stored called Creatine Phosphate |
| The energy contained in ATP is used to synthesize: | Creatine Phosphate |
| Without Oxygen: | Anearobic Respiration |
| With Oxygen: | Aerobic Respiratoin |
| The amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores of Creatine Phosphate: | Oxygen Debt |
| Resulted when ATP is used faster than it can be made: | Muscle Fatuge |
| The length of the muscle does not change but, the amount of tension increases during contraction (Equal Distance): | Isometric |
| The amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction but, the length of the muscle changes (Equal Tension): | Isotonic |
| The constant tension produced by muscles of the body: | Muscle Tone |
| Muscles that contract quickly and fatigue quickly: | Fast-Twitch Fibers |
| Contract slowly and more resistant to fatigue: | Fast-Twitch Fibers |
| The stationary end of a muscle: | Origin |
| The end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement: | Insertion |
| The portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion: | Belly |
| some muscles have: | Multiple Origins |
| Muscles that work together to create or form specific movements: | Synergists |
| Muscles that work in opposition to each other: | Antagonists |
| Muscle that plays the prime roll in accomplishing the desired movement: | Prime Mover |
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Ashley_Brooke
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