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Eastham-Muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Muscles that work in opposition to one another. | Antagonists |
| Smiling Muscle | Zygomaticus |
| Ability to be stretched | Eextensibility |
| Thin myofilaments | Actin myofilaments |
| Thick myofilaments | Myosin myofilaments |
| The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility |
| Connective tissue sheath that surrounds each skeletal muscle | Epimysium |
| Connective tissue sheath that surrounds each fiber | Endomysium |
| Basic structural and functional unit of the muscle | Sarcomere |
| Another connective tissue located outside the epimysium that surrounds and separates muscles. | Fascia |
| Ability to recoil to original length after being stretched | Elasticity |
| Muscle Cells | Muscle Fibers |
| The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | Excitability |
| Loose connective tissue that surrounds muscle fasciculi | Perimysium |
| Band that consists of actin | I Band |
| Band that is the darker central region and consists of myosin | A Band |
| Zone in the center of each sarcomere | H Zone |
| The charge difference across a membrane | Resting Membrane Potential |
| The brief reversal back of the charge | Action Potential |
| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor Neurons |
| Each branch that connects to the muscle forms a | Neuromuscular Junction |
| A single motor neuron and all skeletal fibers it innervates | Motor unit |
| The enlarged nerve terminal | Presynaptic Terminal |
| Space between presynaptic terminal and muscle cell | Synaptic Cleft |
| A neurotransmitter | Acetylcholine |
| Occurs when actin and myosin myofilaments slide past one another causing sarcomeres to shorten | Muscle Contraction |
| Sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction | Sliding Filament Mechanism |
| Contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus | Muscle Twitch |
| The point which a muscle reaches contract maximally | Threshold |
| Muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until stimulus reaches threshold | All-or-None Response |
| Time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and beginning of contraction | Lag Phase |
| Time of contraction | Contraction Phase |
| Time during which the muscle relaxes | Relaxation Phase |
| When the muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany |
| The increase in number of motor units being activated | Recruitment |
| What is needed for energy for muscle contraction? | ATP |
| Where is ATP produced? | Mitochondria |
| Anaerobic Respirattion | Without Oxygen |
| Aerobic Respiration | With oxygen (more efficient) |
| Results when ATP is used faster than it can be produced | Muscle Fatigue |
| Contraction that has equal distance but tension increases | Isometric |
| Contraction with equal tension but different length | Isotonic |
| Muscles that contract and fatigue quickly | Fast-Twitch Fibers |
| Contracts slower but more resistant to fatigue | Slow-Twitch Fibers |
| The most stationary end of the muscle | Origin (head) |
| The end of muscle undergoing greatest movement | Insertion |
| Portion of the muscle between origin and insertion | Belly |
| Muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements | Synergists |
| Muscles that work in opposition to one another | Antagonists |
| The muscle that plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement | Prime Mover |
| Muscle for frowning | Depressor Anguli Oris |
| Muscle that raises eyebrows | Occipitofrontals |
| Chewing | Mastication |
| Which tongue muscles change shape of tongue? | Intrinsic Tongue Muscles |
| Which tongue muscles move the tongue? | Extrinsic Tongue Muscles |
| Sternocleidomastoid | Lateral neck muscle and prime mover. |
| Muscle that puckers the lips | Orbicularis Oris |
| Muscle that flattens the cheeks. | Buccinator |
| Muscle that accomplishes quiet breathing | Diaphragm |
| Rotates Scapula | Trapezius |
| Pulls scapula anteriorly | Serratus Anterior |
| The arm is attached to the thorax by the | Pectoralis Major and Latissimus Dorsi Muscles |
| Adducts and flexes the arm | Pectoralis Major |
| Medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm | Latissimus Dorsi |
| Attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle. | Deltoid |
| Extends the forearm and occupies posterior compartment | Triceps Brachii |
| Flexes forearm and occupies anterior compartment | Biceps Brachii |
| Flexes and supinates forearm | Brachioradialis |
| Flexes wrist | Flexor Carpi |
| Extends wrist | Extensor Carpi |
| Flexes fingers | Flexor Digitorum |
| Extends fingers | Extensor Digitorium |
| Buttocks | Gluteus Maximus |
| "Tailor's Muscle"; flexes the thigh | Sartorius |
| Quadriceps Femoris | Extends the leg |
| Posterior thigh muscles | Hamstring Muscles |
Created by:
nathanmcanallen
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