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Muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | contracility |
| the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | excitability |
| the abilty to be stretched | extensibility |
| abilty to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched | elasticity |
| each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | epimysium |
| a connective tissue located outside the epimysium that surrounds the muscles | fascia |
| muscle cells | muscle fibers |
| a muscle composed of numerous visible bundles called | muscle fasiculi |
| muscle fasculi which are surrounded by loose connective tissue | perimysium |
| fasiculi are composed of of single cell muscles called | fibers |
| each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called | endomysium |
| a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | myofibrils |
| myofibrils consists of 2 major kinds of proteins | actin and myosin |
| thick protein found in myofilaments | myosin |
| thin protein found in myofilaments | actin |
| Myofilaments that resemble golf clubs | myosin |
| myofilaments that resemble strands of pearls twisted together | actin |
| actin and myosin form this highly ordered unit | sarcomeres |
| what is the basic structural and functional unit of the muscle | sarcomere |
| Each sarcomere extends from | one z-line to another z-line |
| Each z-line is an attachement site for | actin |
| The arrangement site of actin appears to be | banded |
| the light side if each z-line is called | I-band |
| the charge difference across a membrane | resting membrane potential |
| the brief reversal back of the charge | action charge |
| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | motor neurons |
| each branch that connects to the muscle forms this | neuromuscular junction |
| another name for neuromuscular junction | synapse |
| a single motor unit neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates | motor unit |
| an enlarged nerve terminal is a | presynaptic terminal |
| the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | synaptic cleft |
| contained in the presynaptic terminal and secretes a neurotransmitter | synaptic vesicles |
| the neurotransmitter secreted by synaptic vesicles | acetylcholine |
| the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments | sliding filament mechanism |
| a contraction of an entire muscle | muscle twitch |
| a muscle fiber will not respond to a stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level called | threshold |
| the phenomenon when a muscle fiber contracts maximally | all or none response |
| the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron | lag phase |
| the time of contraction | contraction phase |
| the time during which the muscle relaxes | relaxation phase |
| whenthe muscle remains contracted without relaxing | tetany |
| the increase in number of motor neurons being activated | recruitment |
| what is needed for energy for muscle contraction | ATP |
| ATP is produced where | mitochondria |
| Is ATP short lived and unstable or long lived and stable | short lived and unstable |
| what does ADP stand for | adenosine diphosphate phosphate |
| Is it necessary for muscle cells to always produce ATP | yes |
| ATP stores another high level molecule called | creatine phosphate |
| Anaerobic respiration is | without oxygen |
| Aerobic respiration is | with oxygen |
| the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions | oxygen debt |
| results when ATPis used during muscle contraction faster than it can be restored | muscle fatigue |
| the length of the muscle does not change but the amount of tension increases | isometric |
| the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant but the length of the muscle changes | isotonic |
| refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time | muscle tone |
| contract quickly and fatigue quickly | fast twitch muscles |
| contract slowly and are more resistant to fatigue | slow twitch muscles |
| the most stationary end of the muscle | origin |
| the end of a muscle undergoing the greatest movement | insertion |
| the portion between the origin and the insertion | belly |
| muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements are called | synergists |
| muscles that work in opposition to one another are called | antagonists |
| if there is one muscle that plays a big role in accomplishing a desired movement among a group it is the | prime mover |
| this muscle raises the eyebrows | occipitofrontals |
| this muscle closes the eyelids | orbicularis oculi |
| tis muscle puckers the lips | orbicularis oris |
| this muscle flattens the cheeks | buccinator |
| this muscles make you smile | zygomaticus |
| this muscle is for sneering | levator lebii superioris |
| this is for frowning | depressor anguli oris |
| what muscle lets you chew | mastication |
| what muscles change the shape of youre tongue | intrinsic tongue muscles |
| what muscles move the tongue | extrinsic tongue muscles |
| what muscle rotates the head | sternocleidomastoid |
| muscles between the meta tarpals | interossi muscles |
Created by:
mahall12
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