Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ch.6 muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Contractility | to shorten with force |
| Excitability | capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus |
| Extensibility | ability to be stretched |
| Elasticity | to recoil to the original resting length after being stretched |
| Epimysium | a connective tissue sheath that surrounds the skeletal muscle |
| Fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium |
| fascicle/ fasciculi | a muscle composed of numerous visible bundles |
| Perimysium | loose connective tissue that surrounds the fascicle |
| Fibers | single muscle cells that makes up the fascicle |
| Endomysium | connective tissue sheath that surrounds fiber |
| Actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments that resemble two strand of pearls twisted together |
| Myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments that resemble bundles of minute golf clubs |
| Sarcomeres | made by actin and myosin filaments which are joined from end to end to form the myofibril |
| Resting membrane potential | the charge difference across the membrane |
| Action potential | reversal back of the charge |
| Motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
| Neuromuscular junction | branch that connects to the muscle |
| Motor unit | single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
| Presynaptic terminal | enlarged nerve terminal |
| Synaptic cleft | space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
| Postsynaptic terminal | the muscle fiber |
| Synaptic vesicles | secretes a neurotransmitter |
| Acetylcholine | a neurotransmitter that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to the postsynaptic terminal |
| Acetylcholinesterase | acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is broken down by this |
| Sliding filament mechanism | the of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction |
| Muscle twitch | a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus |
| Threshold | a muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level |
| All of none response | a muscle fiber will contact maximally |
| Lag phase | the beginning of a contraction |
| Contraction phase | the time of contraction |
| Relaxation phase | the time at which the muscle relaxes |
| Tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
| Recruitment | the increase in number of motor units being activated |
| Creatine phosphate | Another high energy molecule in replace of ATP when it cant be produced |
| Anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
| Aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
| Oxygen Debt | amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to replenish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate stores in cells |
| Muscle fatigue | when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced |
| Isometric | The length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process |
| Isotonic | The amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of the muscle changes |
| Muscle tone | Keeps the head up and back straight. Constant tension |
| Fast- twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
| Slow- twitch fibers | contract slowly and are more resistant to fatigue |
| Origin | most stationary end of the muscle |
| Insertion | end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
| Belly | Muscle between the origin and the insertion |
| Synergists | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements |
| Antagonists | muscles that work in opposition to one another |
| Occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows |
| Orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids and causes "crows feet" wrinkles in the skin at the lateral corners of the eye |
| Orbicularis oris | puckers the lip |
| Buccinator | flattens the cheeks |
| Zygomaticus | smiling muscle |
| Levator labii superioris | sneering |
| Depressor anguli oris | frowning |
| Mastication | chewing |
| 4 pairs of mastication muscles | 2 pair of pterygoids, temporalis, and masseter |
| Intrinsic Tongue Muscles | change the shape of tongue |
| Extrinsic Tongue Muscles | move the tongue |
| Sternocleidomastoid | Lateral neck muscle and prime mover. Rotates and abducts the head |
| Erector spinae | group of muscle on each side of the back |
| Thoracic muscles | muscles that move the thorax |
| External intercostals | Elevate the ribs during inspiration |
| Internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration |
| Diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing, dome shaped muscle, aids in breathing |
| Abdominal wall muscles | muscles of the anterior wall flex and rotate the vertebral column, compress the abdominal cavity, and old in the abdominal viscera |
| Linea alba | tendinous area of the abdominal wall |
| Rectus abdominis | this is on each side of the linea alba |
| Tendinous Inscriptions | crosses the rectus abdominis at three or more locations |
| Trapezius | rotates scapula |
| Serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly |
| Pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm |
| Latissimus dorsi | Medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm "swimmer muscles" |
| Deltoid | Attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle. Major abductor the the upper limb |
| Triceps branchii | extends the forearm |
| Biceps branchii | flexes the forearm (occupies the anterior compartment of the arm) |
| Branchialis | flexes forearm |
| Branchioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm |
| Flexor carpi | flexes the wrist |
| Extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
| Flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers |
| Extensor digitorum | extends the fingers |
| Gluteus maximus | buttocks |
| Quadriceps femoris | extends the leg; anterior thigh muscles |
| Sartorius | flexes the thigh |
| Hamstring muscles | flexes the leg and extends the thigh |
| Gastrocnemius and soleus | form the calf muscle |
Created by:
mjeasth1
Popular Anatomy sets