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Unit 1
Foundations of American Government Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Government | The authority that sets rules for a society to keep the society running smoothly, securely, and peacefully. |
| Thomas Hobbes | He believed that in the state of nature life was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" |
| John Locke | He believed that the purpose of government is to “protect life, health, liberty, and property.” |
| Natural Rights | The idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property |
| Social Contract | Agreement between government and citizens |
| Separation of Powers | Division of power among Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches |
| Legislative Branch | Part of government that writes and votes on new laws. |
| Executive Branch | Authority to execute, enforce, and administer law. |
| Judicial Branch | Decides the meaning of laws, how to apply them to real situations, and whether a law breaks the rules of the Constitution. |
| Checks and Balances | System where each branch of government exercises some control over the others |
| Federalism | Power is divided between a central government and smaller local governments |
| Popular Sovereignty | People’s Power |
| Limited Government | Those in government are not above the law. They must obey the laws. |
| Liberal | Ideology that favors more government action to promote social programs and equality but opposes regulation of social behavior Democrat |
| Conservative | Ideology that favors less government intervention, more individual responsibility and traditional family values Republican |
Created by:
dschendel
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