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Ch 20
Blood Vessels and Circulation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In general, _________ the smallest arteries, have less than six layers of smooth muscle in the tunica media | arterioles |
| Blood pressure is influenced by three primary variables, which are __________, peripheral resistance and ___________. | Cardiac output; blood volume |
| What layer of the blood vessel wall is composed of circularly arranged layers of smooth muscle cells? | Tunica Media |
| The narrowing of the blood vessel lumen resulting from contraction of the smooth muscle of tunica media is known as ____________. | Vasoconstriction |
| What layer of the blood vessel wall is composed of areolar connective tissue containing elastic and collagen fibers? | Tunica Externa |
| The network of small arteries extending through the tunica externa of a very large blood vessel is known as the __________ _______. | Vasa Vasorum |
| Which characteristics describe the general structure of a vein? A. Wider lumen than companion artery B. Thicker tunica externa C. narrower lumen than companion artery D. Walls collapse when drained of blood | A, B, D |
| Which arteries are also called conducting arteries because they conduct blood away from the heart to the smaller muscular artieries? | Elastic arteries |
| Which type of artery has a large proportion of elastic fibers throughout all three tunics, especially the tunica media? | Elastic artery |
| The aorta, pulmonary arteries, brachiocephalic arteries, and common iliac arteries are examples of _________ | Elastic arteries |
| Which arteries are also known as distributing arteries because they distribute blood to the body organs and tissues? | Muscular arteries |
| Arteriole vasodilation __________ blood flow into an area | Increases |
| In muscular arteries, the __________ elastic lamina separates the tunica intima from the tunica media | Internal |
| Most of the named arteries of the body, such as the brachial, anterior tibial, coronary and inferior mesenteric arteries, that distribute blood to body organs and tissues are examples of ________ _________. | Muscular arteries |
| Smooth muscle in the arterioles usually is at least slightly constricted. This slightly constricted state is called _________ tone. | Vasomotor |
| The narrow diameter of capillaries means that erythrocytes must travel single file. This is termed __________. | Rouleau |
| What is the only tunic present in capillaries? | Tunica intima |
| Most capillaries consist solely of __________. | Endothelium |
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