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Anatomy
Basic Anatomical Terminology
| TERMS | MEANINGS |
|---|---|
| Anatomical Position | Body is upright, directly facing the observer, feet flat and directed forward. The upper limbs are at the body's sides with the palms facing forward. |
| Ventral or Anterior | Front |
| Dorsal or Posterior | Back |
| Superior or Cephalic | Closer to the head |
| Inferior or Caudal | Closer to the legs/tail |
| Proximal | Nearer to attachment to body |
| Distal | Farther from attachment to body |
| Medial (with example) | Nearer to the midline. "The ulna is medial to the radius." |
| Lateral (with example) | Farther from the midline. "The lungs are lateral to the heart." |
| Superficial (With example) | Toward or on the surface of the body. "The ribs are superficial to the lungs" |
| Deep (with example) | Away from the surface of the body "The ribs are deep to the skin of the chest and back" |
| Coronal Plane (Frontal Plane) | A vertical plane running from side to side; divides the body or any of its parts into anterior and posterior portions. |
| Sagittal Plane (Lateral Plane) | A vertical plane running from front to back; divides the body or any of its parts into right and left sides. |
| Axial Plane (Transverse Plane) | A horizontal plane; divides the body or any of its parts into upper and lower parts. |
| Median plane | Sagittal plane through the midline of the body; divides the body or any of its parts into right and left halves. |
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