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Lesson 1
Basic Medical Language - Intro to medical language, body structure, and oncology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| muscle tissue | cells that have the special ability to contract, usually producing movement |
| nerve tissue | found in nerves, spinal cord, and brain; coordinates and controls body movement |
| connective tissue | connects, supports, penetrates, and encases various body structures; forms bones, fat, cartilage, and blood |
| epithelial tissue | major covering of external surface of the body; forms membranes that line body cavity and organs; major tissue in glands |
| cell | basic unit of all living things |
| tissue | group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
| organ | two or more kinds of tissues that together perform special body functions |
| system | group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions |
| cranial cavity | brain |
| spinal cavity | spinal cord |
| thoracic cavity | heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, and bronchi |
| abdominal cavity | stomach, intestines, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and uterus |
| pelvic cavity | urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the small and large intestines, and rectum |
| integumentary system | covers and protects body, regulates body temperature, and helps manufacture vitamin D |
| respiratory system | exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and external environment |
| urinary system | removes waste material (urine), regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration |
| reproductive system | produces offspring, secretes hormones that produce feminine and masculine physical traits |
| cardiovascular system | pumps and transports through the body |
| lymphatic system | provides defense against infection and other diseases and drainage of extracellular fluid |
| digestive system | prepares food for use by the body's cells and eliminates waste |
| musculoskeletal system | provides movement and framework for the body, protects vital organs, stores calcium, and produces blood cells |
| nervous system | regulates specific body activities by sending and receiving messages |
| endocrine system | secretes hormones that regulate specific body activities |
| carcin/o | cancer |
| cyt/o | cell(s) |
| epitheli/o | epithelium, epithelial tissue |
| hist/o | tissue(s) |
| lip/o | fat, fat tissue |
| my/o | muscle(s), muscle tissue |
| neur/o | nerve(s), nerve tissue |
| onc/o | tumor(s) |
| path/o | disease |
| radi/o | x-rays (ionizing radiation) |
| sarc/o | flesh, connective tissue |
| viscer/o | internal organs |
| -al | pertaining to |
| -genic | producing, originating, causing |
| -logist | one who studies and treats (specialist, physician) |
| -logy | study of |
| -oid | resembling |
| -oma | tumor |
| -plasm | growth (substance or formation) |
| -stasis | control, stop |
| meta- | beyond |
| neo- | new |
| carcinogenic | producing cancer |
| carcinoma | cancerous tumor |
| cytoid | resembling a cell |
| cytology | study of cells |
| epithelial | pertaining to epithelium |
| epithelioma | tumor composed of epithelial tissue |
| histology | study of tissues |
| lipoid | resembling fat |
| lipoma | tumor composed of fat tissue |
| metastasis (pl. metastases) | beyond control |
| myoma | tumor composed of muscle tissue |
| neoplasm | new growth |
| neuroma | tumor composed of nerve tissue |
| oncologist | physician who studies tumors and treats them |
| oncology | study of tumors |
| pathogenic | producing disease |
| pathologist | physician who studies disease |
| pathology | study of disease |
| radiologist | physician who studies and treats using x-rays (and other diagnostic imaging procedures) |
| radiology | study of x-rays (and other diagnostic imaging procedures) |
| sarcoma | tumor of connective tissue |
| visceral | pertaining to internal organs |
| benign | not malignant, nonrecurring |
| biopsy | removal of living tissue to be viewed under a microscope for diagnostic purposes |
| chemotherapy | treatment of cancer using pharmaceuticals |
| diagnosis | identification of a disease |
| infection | invasion of pathogens in body tissue |
| inflammation | localized, protective response to injury or tissue destruction characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain |
| malignant |
Created by:
katey.6
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