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CSA Chapter 5

The Eye

TermDefinition
aqua/o water
bephar/o eyelid
corne/o cornea
cycl/o circle, ciliary body
dacry/o tear
ir/o iris, colored part of the eye
irid/o iris, colored part of the eye
kerat/o cornea
lacrim/o tear
ocul/o eye
opthalm/o eye
opt/o eye
phac/o lens (lentil)
phak/o lens (lentil)
phot/o light
presby/o old age
retin/o retina
scler/o hard or sclera
vitre/o glassy
-opia vision condition
anterior chamber fluid-filled space between the cornea and iris
aqueous humor watery liquid secreted by the ciliary processes that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens
scleral venous sinus duct in the anterior chamber that carrier filtered aqueous humor to veins and bloodstream; also called canal of Schlemm
choroid vascular layer beneath the sclera that provides nourishment to the outer portion of the retina
ciliary body ring of tissue behind the peripheral iris that is composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary process
ciliary muscle smooth muscle portion of the ciliary body, which contracts to assist in near vision
ciliary processes epithelial tissue folds on the inner surface of the ciliary body that secrete aqueous humor
conjunctiva mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball
cornea transparent anterior portion of the outer covering of the eye
eyelid movable, protective fold that opens and closes, covering the eye; also called palpebra
fovea centralis pinpoint depression in the center of the macula lutea that is the site of sharpest vision
fundus interior surface of the eyeball, including the retina, optic disk, macula, and posterior pole (curvature at the back of the eye)
zeis glands oil glands opening into the follicles of the eyelashes
tarsal glands oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids; also called meibomian glands
meibomian glands oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids
iris colored circle; colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts ans dilates to regulate light passing through the pupil
lacrimal glans gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears
lacrimal ducts tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac
lacrimal sac structure that collects tears before emptying into the nasolacrimal duct
lens the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina
lens capsule capsule that encloses the lens
macula lutea central region of the retina; responsible for central vision; yellow pigment provides its color
optic disc exit site of retinal nerve fibers as well as entrance point for retinal arteries and exit point for retinal veins
optic nerve nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain
posterior chamber space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber; filled with aqueous humor
pupil black, circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye
retina innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve
cones cone-shaped cells within the retina that are color sensitive and respond to bright light
rods rod-shaped cells within the retina that respond to dim light
sclera tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve
trabecular meshwork mesh-like structure in the anterior chamber that filters the aqueous humor as it flows into the canal of Schlemm
vitreous jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye
asthenopia eyestrain (asthenia=weak condition)
bepharospasm involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the eye causing uncontrolled blinking and lid squeezing
diplopia double vision
exophthalmos abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs; also spelled exophthalmos
lacrimation secretion of tears
nystagmus involuntary, rapid, oscillating movement of the eyeball
photophobia extreme sensitivity to, and discomfort from, light
scotoma blind spot in vision
antibiotic ophthalmic solution antimicrobial agent in solution; used to treat bacterial infections (conjunctivitis and corneal ulcers)
cyclopelgic agent that paralyzes the ciliary muscle and the powers of accommodation; commonly used in pediatric eye examination
mydriatic agent that causes dilation of the pupil; used for certain eye examinations
miotic agent that causes the pupil to contract (mio=less)
contact lens small, plastic, curved disk with optical correction that fits over the cornea; used to correct refractive errors
eye installation introduction of a medicated solution in the eye, usually administered by a drop (gt) or drops (gtt) in the affected eye or eyes
eye irrigation washing of the eye with water or other fluid (saline)
blepharoplasty surgical repair of an eyelid
cryoretinopexy use of intense cold to seal a hole or tear in the retina; used to treat retinal detachment
dacryocystectomy excision of a lacrimal sac
enucleation excision of an eyeball
iridectomy excision of a portion of iris tissue
iridotomy incision into the iris (usually with a laser) to allow drainage of aqueous humor from posterior to anterior chamber, used to treat a type of glaucoma
keratoplasty corneal transplantation; replacement of diseased or scarred cornea with a healthy one from a matched donor
Created by: alexandramila
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