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CSA Chapter 5
The Eye
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aqua/o | water |
| bephar/o | eyelid |
| corne/o | cornea |
| cycl/o | circle, ciliary body |
| dacry/o | tear |
| ir/o | iris, colored part of the eye |
| irid/o | iris, colored part of the eye |
| kerat/o | cornea |
| lacrim/o | tear |
| ocul/o | eye |
| opthalm/o | eye |
| opt/o | eye |
| phac/o | lens (lentil) |
| phak/o | lens (lentil) |
| phot/o | light |
| presby/o | old age |
| retin/o | retina |
| scler/o | hard or sclera |
| vitre/o | glassy |
| -opia | vision condition |
| anterior chamber | fluid-filled space between the cornea and iris |
| aqueous humor | watery liquid secreted by the ciliary processes that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye and provides nourishment for the cornea, iris, and lens |
| scleral venous sinus | duct in the anterior chamber that carrier filtered aqueous humor to veins and bloodstream; also called canal of Schlemm |
| choroid | vascular layer beneath the sclera that provides nourishment to the outer portion of the retina |
| ciliary body | ring of tissue behind the peripheral iris that is composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary process |
| ciliary muscle | smooth muscle portion of the ciliary body, which contracts to assist in near vision |
| ciliary processes | epithelial tissue folds on the inner surface of the ciliary body that secrete aqueous humor |
| conjunctiva | mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball |
| cornea | transparent anterior portion of the outer covering of the eye |
| eyelid | movable, protective fold that opens and closes, covering the eye; also called palpebra |
| fovea centralis | pinpoint depression in the center of the macula lutea that is the site of sharpest vision |
| fundus | interior surface of the eyeball, including the retina, optic disk, macula, and posterior pole (curvature at the back of the eye) |
| zeis glands | oil glands opening into the follicles of the eyelashes |
| tarsal glands | oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids; also called meibomian glands |
| meibomian glands | oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids |
| iris | colored circle; colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts ans dilates to regulate light passing through the pupil |
| lacrimal glans | gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears |
| lacrimal ducts | tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac |
| lacrimal sac | structure that collects tears before emptying into the nasolacrimal duct |
| lens | the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina |
| lens capsule | capsule that encloses the lens |
| macula lutea | central region of the retina; responsible for central vision; yellow pigment provides its color |
| optic disc | exit site of retinal nerve fibers as well as entrance point for retinal arteries and exit point for retinal veins |
| optic nerve | nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain |
| posterior chamber | space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber; filled with aqueous humor |
| pupil | black, circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye |
| retina | innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve |
| cones | cone-shaped cells within the retina that are color sensitive and respond to bright light |
| rods | rod-shaped cells within the retina that respond to dim light |
| sclera | tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve |
| trabecular meshwork | mesh-like structure in the anterior chamber that filters the aqueous humor as it flows into the canal of Schlemm |
| vitreous | jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye |
| asthenopia | eyestrain (asthenia=weak condition) |
| bepharospasm | involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the eye causing uncontrolled blinking and lid squeezing |
| diplopia | double vision |
| exophthalmos | abnormal protrusion of one or both eyeballs; also spelled exophthalmos |
| lacrimation | secretion of tears |
| nystagmus | involuntary, rapid, oscillating movement of the eyeball |
| photophobia | extreme sensitivity to, and discomfort from, light |
| scotoma | blind spot in vision |
| antibiotic ophthalmic solution | antimicrobial agent in solution; used to treat bacterial infections (conjunctivitis and corneal ulcers) |
| cyclopelgic | agent that paralyzes the ciliary muscle and the powers of accommodation; commonly used in pediatric eye examination |
| mydriatic | agent that causes dilation of the pupil; used for certain eye examinations |
| miotic | agent that causes the pupil to contract (mio=less) |
| contact lens | small, plastic, curved disk with optical correction that fits over the cornea; used to correct refractive errors |
| eye installation | introduction of a medicated solution in the eye, usually administered by a drop (gt) or drops (gtt) in the affected eye or eyes |
| eye irrigation | washing of the eye with water or other fluid (saline) |
| blepharoplasty | surgical repair of an eyelid |
| cryoretinopexy | use of intense cold to seal a hole or tear in the retina; used to treat retinal detachment |
| dacryocystectomy | excision of a lacrimal sac |
| enucleation | excision of an eyeball |
| iridectomy | excision of a portion of iris tissue |
| iridotomy | incision into the iris (usually with a laser) to allow drainage of aqueous humor from posterior to anterior chamber, used to treat a type of glaucoma |
| keratoplasty | corneal transplantation; replacement of diseased or scarred cornea with a healthy one from a matched donor |
Created by:
alexandramila
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