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Unit B: Foundations

History of Health Care

QuestionAnswer
Primitive Times Believed evil spirits and demons caused disease
Ancient Egyptians first to write down findings on health that were accurate; physicians were priests
Ancient Chinese Believed one must cure body, mind and spirit; yet religion prohibited dissection
Greeks Believed illness was caused by natural causes not as a punishment from the Gods
Romans Built aqueducts and sewers; believed body was regulated by humors that needed to stay in balance to prevent illness
Dark Ages study of medicine was prohibited; monks and priests treated sick with prayer and ceremonies
Middle Ages Bubonic Plaque killed large percentage of the population
16th, 17th, 18th Century Many people still died from infections
19th Century infection control methods were developed once microorganisms were associate with disease
20th Century Discovered ABO blood groups, Insulin, antibiotics, vaccines, CAT scan and organ transplants were successful
What is one way Congress is trying to control costs for government insurance plans such as Medicare and Medicaid. Diagnostic related groups (DRGs)
Who developed an organized method to observe the human body and recorded the signs and symptoms of many diseases. Hippocrates
The most rapid growth in health care occurred during the 20th century.
Who used dissection in order to draw the human body more realistically. Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci
What type of care promotes physical, emotional, social, intellectual, and spiritual well-being. Holistic health care
What uses video, audio, and computer systems to provide medical and/or health care services. Telemedicine
In ancient times, a treatment for insanity and epilepsy was boring a hole in the skull what was the process called? a process called trepanation.
The first hospitals were established by the _________ when physicians began caring for patients in their homes. Romans
Public health and sanitation systems were first developed by the Romans
The Father of Medicine is Hippocrates
Bifocals for glasses were invented by Benjamin Franklin
A vaccination for smallpox was developed in 1796 by Edward Jenner
Disinfection and antiseptics were first used to prevent infection during surgery by Joseph Lister
The founder of the American Red Cross in 1881 was Clara Barton
The professional education of modern nurses was started by ____ Florence Nightingale
The individual whose studies formed the basis for psychology and psychiatry is ____. Sigmund Freud
Penicillin was discovered in 1928 by ___ Sir Alexander Fleming
The polio vaccine was developed in 1952 by ____. Jonas Salk
The Alternative and Complementary Method practitioner who believes that a life energy flows through every living person in an invisible system of meridians is a/an ____. Chinese medicine practitioner
Created the first mercury thermometer in 1714 Gabriel Fahrenheit
Invented the microscope in 1666 Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Invented the stethoscope in 1816 René Laënnec
Became the first female physician in the United States in 1849 Elizabeth Blackwell
Discovered X-rays in 1895 Wilhelm Roentgen
Developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens in 1882 Robert Koch
Isolated radium in 1910 Marie Curie
Established efficient and sanitary nursing units during the Crimean War Florence Nightingale
Described the circulation of blood to and from the heart in 1628 William Harvey
Proved microorganisms cause disease and created a vaccine for rabies Louis Pasteur
What is the federal act that requires states to establish training and competency evaluation programs for nursing and geriatric assistants? Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) of 1987
What are some methods for cost containment? HMOs, and PPOs, mass or bulk purchasing, buy equipment and supplies in larger quantities to obtain a reduced price, early intervention and preventive services, providing care before acute or chronic disease occurs, and DRG's
Uses very minute, dilute, doses of drugs to produce the symptoms of the disease being treated and to stimulate the immune system to remove toxins and heal the body; homeopathy
Controls rising cost of health care & achieves max. benefit for every dollar spent Cost Containment
Care for the elderly Geriatric Care
Services provided at patient's home Home Health Care
Use of video, audio, & computers to provide medical/health care services Telemedicine
State of optimum health Balance between physical, mental, & social health Wellness
Physical Wellness Diet, exercise
Emotional Wellness Understanding personal feelings
Social Wellness Showing concern, affection, respect
Mental & Intellectual Wellness Using common sense, being creative, curious, etc
Spiritual Wellness Using values, ethics, morals to find meanings & purpose to life
Treats the whole body, mind, & spirit Promotes body's natural healing power Holistic Health Care
Complementary Health Care Conjunction with conventional therapies Alternative Health Care In place of biomedical therapies
Alternative Health Care In place of biomedical therapies
Re-establish balance in body through diet, exercise, body cleansing, & health of body, mind, & spirit Ayurvedic
Treatment & prevention of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system Chiropractic
Person who helps an individual change their behavior via verbal suggestions while in a trance-like state Hypnotist
use only natural therapies to promote healing; avoid use of surgery and medical agents to treat disease Naturopathy
monitoring the use of energy to control costs and conserve resources energy conservation
patients receive care without being admitted to hospitals or other care facilities outpatient services
Renaissance Dissection of the body led to increased understanding of anatomy and physiology
Created by: HSEwithMrsK
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