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chabner Ch 2
Question | Answer |
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Anabolism | building large proteins from small pieces |
Catabolism | breaking down complex foods into simpler substances and energy is released |
Cell membrane | surrounds, protects and regulates substances in/out of cell |
Chromosomes | rod-like structures in nucleus, contain genes |
Cytoplasm | all material outside of the nucleus and contained by the membrane |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; regulates activities of the cell |
genes | fundamental unit of heredity |
Karyotype | photograph of individual's chromosomes |
Mitochondria | small, sausage-shaped bodies in cell that provide principal source of energy |
Nucleus | control center of the cell |
Adipose tissue | collection of fat cells |
Cartilage | flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints |
Epithelial cells | skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line internal surfaces of the organs |
Histologist | specializes in the study of tissues |
Larynx | voice box |
Pharynx | throat |
Ureter | a tube leading from a kidney to the urinary bladder |
Urethra | tube leading from urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
Viscera | internal organs |
Diaphragm | muscle that separates abdominal and thoracic cavities; aids in breathing |
Mediastinum | centrally located space outside of and between the lungs |
Peritoneum | double folded membrane surrounding abdominal cavity |
Pleura | double folded membrane around each lung |
Ventral (anterior) | front |
Dorsal (posterior) | back |
Spinal column | bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity |
Spinal cord | nervous tissue within the spinal cavity |
disk (disc) | pad of cartilage between vertebrae |
Deep | away from the surface |
Distal | far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of the structure |
Inferior (caudal) | below another structure |
Lateral | pertaining to the side |
Medial | pertaining to the middle or near medial plane |
Prone | lying on the belly |
Proximal | near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure |
Sagittal (lateral) plane | vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides |
Superficial | on the surface |
Superior (cephalic) | above another structure; pertaining to the head |
Supine | lying on the back |
Transverse (axial) plane | horizontal plane dividing body into upper and lower portions |
Frontal (coronal) plane | vertical plane dividing body into anterior and posterior portions |