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Chapter 9 Brittany S
Medical Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| valvul/o | means valve. |
| atri/o | means atrium |
| sept/o | means septum. |
| ventricul/o | means ventricle |
| cardi/o | means heart. |
| coron/o | means heart |
| aort/o | means aorta (the vessel that carries blood from the left ventricle to the systemic circulation). |
| arteri/o | means artery (muscular vessel that takes blood away from the heart). |
| ather/o | means fatty plaque |
| phleb/o | mean vein (vessels that take blood back to the heart). |
| ven/o | mean vein (vessels that take blood back to the heart). |
| pectoralgia | pain in the chest (not necessarily due to the heart) |
| angina pectoris | chest pain due to irregular flow to the heart |
| palpitation | rapid or irregular beating of the heart |
| arrhythmia | irregular heartbeat |
| dysrhythmia | irregular heartbeat |
| endocardium | inner lining of the heart |
| myocardium | middle layer of the heart, made of muscle |
| epicardium | tissue lining the outside of the heart |
| pericardium | tissue around the heart |
| The vena cava | is a large-sized vein that returns blood the right atrium. It is divided into the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. |
| The superior vena cava | collects blood from the head, neck, upper chest, and arms. |
| The inferior vena cava | collects blood from everywhere else (the lower body regions). |
| diastolic pressure | pressure on vessel walls while the heart is in diastole (relaxing) |
| systolic pressure | pressure on vessel walls when the heart is in systole (contracting) |
| circulation | moving blood through the vessels and back to the heart |
| systemic circulation | circulation from the heart to everywhere except the lungs and heart |
| pulmonary circulation | circulation from the heart through pulmonary vessels to pick up oxygen and then back to the heart |
| coronary circulation | circulation to the heart muscle and then back to the heart (to the right atrium) |
| congestive cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy | heart cannot pump out all of the blood, causing the heart to become stretched and dilated and the pumping of blood to weaken/slow |
| hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | enlarged heart muscle obstructs flow |
| restrictive cardiomyopathy | stiffened heart muscle restricts filling, therefore amount of blood heart pumps is reduced |
| NSR | normal sinus rhythm |
| A-fib | atrial fibrillation (atrial not contracting; muscle is quivering) |
| SCA | sudden cardiac arrest (heart not beating) |
| ASD | atrial septal defect |
| VSD | ventricular septal defect |
| MVP | mitral valve prolapse (valve does not close properly, allowing blood to back flow into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts) |
| CO | cardiac output (amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute, measured in liters) |
| SV | stroke volume (amount of blood ejected by the ventricle in one contraction, measured in milliliters) |
| ECHO | echocardiogram |
| TEE | transesophageal echocardiogram |
| CTA | computed tomographic angiography |
| EKG | electrocardiogram (the K comes the German spelling for heart – kardi/o) |
| MRA | magnetic resonance angiography |
| CHF | congestive heart failure (heart is weak and cannot pump effectively, causing blood to back up and cause congestion in veins) |
| MI | myocardial infarction (heart muscle death, usually due to prolonged myocardia ischemia, which is usually due to CAD) |
| CAD | coronary artery disease (presence of plaque in coronary artery that reduces blood flow to the heart muscle) |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft |
| BP | blood pressure (used to determine normotension, hypertension, and hypotension) |
| CTA | computed tomographic angiography (use CT scan to obtain an x-ray of the coronary arteries) |
| MRA | magnetic resonance angiography (use MRI to obtain image of coronary arteries) |
| PCI – | percutaneous coronary intervention (procedures that are completed by threading tools into vessels and into the heart) |
| aneurysm | an excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall |
| cardiotonic | is a substance that has favorable effect upon the action of the heart |
| stress electrocardiogram | provides information about how the heart responds to physical stress |
| cardiac catherization | procedure used to diagnose and treat certain cardiovascular conditions |
| daiphoresis | sweating, especially to an unusual degree as a symptom of a disease or a side effect of a drug |
| murmur | sound of blood flowing through the heart, due to anything from a healthy heart exertion during exercise to a diseased heart valve or other abnormality. |
| AA | abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
| HTN | hypertension |
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