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Chapter 9 Brittany S
Medical Terms
Question | Answer |
---|---|
valvul/o | means valve. |
atri/o | means atrium |
sept/o | means septum. |
ventricul/o | means ventricle |
cardi/o | means heart. |
coron/o | means heart |
aort/o | means aorta (the vessel that carries blood from the left ventricle to the systemic circulation). |
arteri/o | means artery (muscular vessel that takes blood away from the heart). |
ather/o | means fatty plaque |
phleb/o | mean vein (vessels that take blood back to the heart). |
ven/o | mean vein (vessels that take blood back to the heart). |
pectoralgia | pain in the chest (not necessarily due to the heart) |
angina pectoris | chest pain due to irregular flow to the heart |
palpitation | rapid or irregular beating of the heart |
arrhythmia | irregular heartbeat |
dysrhythmia | irregular heartbeat |
endocardium | inner lining of the heart |
myocardium | middle layer of the heart, made of muscle |
epicardium | tissue lining the outside of the heart |
pericardium | tissue around the heart |
The vena cava | is a large-sized vein that returns blood the right atrium. It is divided into the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. |
The superior vena cava | collects blood from the head, neck, upper chest, and arms. |
The inferior vena cava | collects blood from everywhere else (the lower body regions). |
diastolic pressure | pressure on vessel walls while the heart is in diastole (relaxing) |
systolic pressure | pressure on vessel walls when the heart is in systole (contracting) |
circulation | moving blood through the vessels and back to the heart |
systemic circulation | circulation from the heart to everywhere except the lungs and heart |
pulmonary circulation | circulation from the heart through pulmonary vessels to pick up oxygen and then back to the heart |
coronary circulation | circulation to the heart muscle and then back to the heart (to the right atrium) |
congestive cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy | heart cannot pump out all of the blood, causing the heart to become stretched and dilated and the pumping of blood to weaken/slow |
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | enlarged heart muscle obstructs flow |
restrictive cardiomyopathy | stiffened heart muscle restricts filling, therefore amount of blood heart pumps is reduced |
NSR | normal sinus rhythm |
A-fib | atrial fibrillation (atrial not contracting; muscle is quivering) |
SCA | sudden cardiac arrest (heart not beating) |
ASD | atrial septal defect |
VSD | ventricular septal defect |
MVP | mitral valve prolapse (valve does not close properly, allowing blood to back flow into the left atrium when the left ventricle contracts) |
CO | cardiac output (amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute, measured in liters) |
SV | stroke volume (amount of blood ejected by the ventricle in one contraction, measured in milliliters) |
ECHO | echocardiogram |
TEE | transesophageal echocardiogram |
CTA | computed tomographic angiography |
EKG | electrocardiogram (the K comes the German spelling for heart – kardi/o) |
MRA | magnetic resonance angiography |
CHF | congestive heart failure (heart is weak and cannot pump effectively, causing blood to back up and cause congestion in veins) |
MI | myocardial infarction (heart muscle death, usually due to prolonged myocardia ischemia, which is usually due to CAD) |
CAD | coronary artery disease (presence of plaque in coronary artery that reduces blood flow to the heart muscle) |
CABG | coronary artery bypass graft |
BP | blood pressure (used to determine normotension, hypertension, and hypotension) |
CTA | computed tomographic angiography (use CT scan to obtain an x-ray of the coronary arteries) |
MRA | magnetic resonance angiography (use MRI to obtain image of coronary arteries) |
PCI – | percutaneous coronary intervention (procedures that are completed by threading tools into vessels and into the heart) |
aneurysm | an excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall |
cardiotonic | is a substance that has favorable effect upon the action of the heart |
stress electrocardiogram | provides information about how the heart responds to physical stress |
cardiac catherization | procedure used to diagnose and treat certain cardiovascular conditions |
daiphoresis | sweating, especially to an unusual degree as a symptom of a disease or a side effect of a drug |
murmur | sound of blood flowing through the heart, due to anything from a healthy heart exertion during exercise to a diseased heart valve or other abnormality. |
AA | abdominal aortic aneurysm |
DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
HTN | hypertension |