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Final 2020
A&P II
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport? | Dissolve in plasma as bicarbonate ions |
| Which of following processes is the function of the smooth muscle layer of the digestive system? | Mixing and propulsion |
| Which of the following accessory organs produces a fluid that functions to emulsify dietary fats? | Liver |
| This layer functions by secreting a lubricating fluid. | Serosa |
| Which of the following pancreatic enzymes digests lipids? | Lipase |
| This hormone functions to counteract the effect of gastric acid in the small intestine. | Secretin |
| Which of the following is a waste product normally excreted by the kidneys? | Urea |
| Which is the correct order of filtrate flow? | Glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule (DCT), collecting duct |
| Which structure of the nephron reabsorbs the most substances? | Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) |
| This structure transports urine from the kidney to the bladder. | Ureter |
| This is a nephron process that results in a substance in blood entering the already formed filtrate. | Secretion |
| Increased secretion of aldosterone would result in a/an ___________ of blood ____________. | increase, sodium |
| The type of body fluid found within the cells is called _____________. | intracellular fluid |
| A solution that contains equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions is ____________. | neutral |
| The most abundant buffer system inside body cells and in plasma is the __________. | protein buffer system |
| When blood pH drops, the amount of oxyhemoglobin _______ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells ________________. | decreases, increases |
| This structure is the site of sperm production. | Seminiferous tubules |
| This structure is composed of three cylindrical masses of erectile tissue each surrounded by a fibrous tissue. | Penis |
| What is produced by the ovaries? | Secondary oocytes, estrogen and progesterone |
| __________ hormone, secreted by the __________, controls the ovarian and uterine cycles. | FSH, anterior pituitary |
| This is the uterine phase when the thickness of the endometrium doubles. | Proliferative phase |
| The intervillous spaces of the placenta ______________. | contains maternal blood |
| After implantation, ________________. | the morula becomes a blastocyst |
| By the end of the first month of gestation, ________________. | the fetus has a fully formed head with properly located eyes and ears |
| The developing embryo is surrounded by and bathed in _____________. | amniotic fluid |
| The placental stage of labor ends with ________________. | expulsion of the afterbirth |
| The Pancreas is only an exocrine gland. | True |
| The main cell in the Liver for detoxification of Portal Blood from the Digestive System is the | Reticulo-Endothelial Cell |
| Clotting in an unbroken blood vessel is called a | thrombosis |
| The percentage of total blood volume occupied by RBC’s is called the | hematocrit |
| The Sino-Atrial Node is also known as the | pacemaker |
| The various sounds that are heard while taking blood pressure are called | Korotkoff sounds |
| Listening to the heart sounds is called auscultation. | True |
| The Arytenoid cartilage is associated with sound production | True |
| The Trachea is surrounded by rings of C-shaped | hyaline cartilage |
| Yawning has no known cause. | False |
| Inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume and expiratory reserve volume is also known as | Vital Capacity |
| The part of the brain that controls respiration is the | brainstem |
| Sensory neurons that are sensitive to chemicals are called | chemoreceptors |
| Stretch sensitive receptors that line the bronchi and bronchioles are called | baroreceptors |
| CO2 + H2O <> H2CO3 <> H+ <> HCO3-This reaction is part of which buffer system? | Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate Buffer |
| The four layers of the Digestive System are the | Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis, Serosa |
| The Enteric Nervous System is located in the G.I. Tract. | True |
| Microvilli increases surface area of the Small Intestine. | True |
| The order of the Small Intestine consists of the Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum. | True |
| Chylomicrons are absorbed in the small intestine by way of lacteals which are part of the lymphatic system. | True |
| Which blood cell type is elevated in a parasitic infection? | Eosinophils |
| The primary site of hemopoiesis in adult humans is in the ___________. | red bone marrow |
| An individual who lacks A and B agglutinogens (antigens) and has both A and B agglutinins (antibodies) has ABO blood type _________. | AB |
| White blood cells are identified microscopically by the shape of their __________ and presence or absence of __________ in the cytoplasm. | nuclei, granules |
| Vascular spasms and platelet plug formation are steps in ___________. | hemostasis |
| This heart structure carries oxygen poor blood. | Right atrium and right ventricle |
| Which of the factors shown below would increase stroke volume? | Increased preload, decreased afterload, increased contractility. |
| This vessel plays a key role in regulating blood flow into capillaries. | Arteriole |
| Which of the following would NOT increase blood pressure? | Increased sympathetic stimulation |
| The pressure that provides information about the condition of the cardiovascular system such as atherosclerosis is the ___________. | pulse pressure |
| What is the major difference between lymph and interstitial fluid? | Location |
| The lymph from the right foot empties into the ____________. | thoracic duct |
| The left subclavian vein receives lymph from the ____________. | thoracic duct |
| This portion of the lymph node contains lymphatic nodules. | Medulla |
| Which of the following is a function of the spleen? | Removes worn out blood cells |
| These are mainly used to kill infected body cells and tumor cells. | Natural killer cells |
| Which of these provides a nonspecific cellular disease resistance mechanism? | Macrophages |
| Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation? | Mucus production |
| T Cells secrete this toxin that is used to fragment DNA. | Lymphotoxin |
| A natural exposure to an infectious agent leads to _________. | active immunity |
| During swallowing, which structure rises? | Pharynx |
| Exhalation begins when _______________. | the inspiratory muscles relax |
| This is the sum of the residual and the expiratory reserve volume. | Functional residual capacity |
| Which of the following is not a factor on which the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends? | Force of contraction of diaphragm |
| Parietal cells of the Stomach secrete | HCL & Intrinsic factor |
| The Pancreas is a(n) | all the above. (exocrine gland, endocrine gland, gland that secretes an alkaline digestive mixture of juices |
| The Esophagus, Inferior Vena Cava and Abdominal aorta all pass through the | Respiratory Diaphragm |
| White blood cells are identified microscopically by the shape of their __________ and presence or absence of __________ in the cytoplasm. | nuclei, granules |
| The Right Atrium is the ‘meeting” place of the | a&b. Superior Vena Cava, Inferior Vena Cava, Pulmonary Vein |
| Antibody mediated immunity is most effective against | extracellular pathogens |
| The ring-shaped cartilage just inferior to the thyroid cartilage is the ____________cartilage. | cricoid |
| During normal quiet inhalation | the diaphragm and external intercostals relax |
| The amount of air moving in and out of the respiratory tract during normal quiet breathing is known as | tidal volume |
| This organ is the primary site of digestion and absorption of nutrients. | small intestine |
| This organ secretes digestive enzymes and buffers into the small intestine by way of ducts. | pancreas |
| The regular contractions of the smooth muscles that push food through the entire gastrointestinal tract are known as | peristalsis |
| The vitamin that is essential for the production of several clotting factors is | vitamin K |
| Which of the following lists the regions of a nephron in the correct order of filtrate flow? | glomerular capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule |
| The uptake of substances from the lumen of the kidney tubules into the peritubular capillaries is known as | tubular reabsorption |
| What is primary at controlling extracellular fluid volume and water distribution? | sodium |
| Secreted by the pituitary gland, this hormone results in vasoconstriction of blood vessels, facultative water reabsorption by the distal convoluted tubule and production of concentrated urine. | antidiuretic hormone |
| All of the following are found within the spermatic cord EXCEPT: | urethra |
| Which of the following is reproduced each month and then sloughed off if fertilization does not occur? | stratum functionalis of the endometrium |
| This hormone stimulates ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum. | luteinizing hormone |
| Implantation of the embryo usually occurs in the | uterine (fallopian) tube |
| Which of the following represents the correct sequence of flow of an electrical impulse through the heart? | SA node, AV node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers |
| Nerve impulses that reach the heart by means of the vagus nerve are | parasympathetic and cause decreased heart rate |
| Ventricular contraction is caused by | atrial depolarization, atrial repolarization, ventricular depolarization, ventricular repolarization. |
| Nervous regulation of the heart originates in the | medulla oblongata |
| The right atrium receives blood directly from 3 vessels. They are the | superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and left internal jugular vein |
| Blood is carried away from the left ventricle of the heart by | systemic arteries |
| Which of the following is a branch of the brachiocephalic trunk? | right subclavian artery |
| The pulmonary arteries bring ___ blood to the ___. | oxygen-poor, alveoli of the lungs |
Created by:
Jpereira72
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