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Nervous system
Questions about nervous system and special senses for VN3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stimulus | A change in or outside of the body which produces a response |
| Receptors | Specialised cells that detect stimuli |
| Effectors | Muscles and glands produce a response |
| Neurons | Main cell of the nervous system, conducts nerve impulses |
| Dendrite or dendron | Carries nerve impulses towards the cell body |
| Axon | Carries nerve impulses away from the cell body |
| Schwann cell | Specialised cells that envelop the axon fibre |
| Node of Ranvier | Gap between myelin sheaths |
| What is at end of axon | The synapse or synaptic terminal |
| Neuromuscular junction | Junction between nerve and muscle |
| Nerve impulse | Electrical message transmitted down axon |
| Central nervous system | Brain and Spinal cord |
| Brain function | Control and coordinate all activities of the body |
| Three parts of brain | Fore/Mid/Hind brain |
| Parts of Forebrain | Cerebrum / Thalamus / Hypothalamus |
| What does thalamus do | Process info from sense organs and relay to cerebral cortex |
| Where is hypothalamus | Below thalamus |
| Midbrain location and function | Between fore and hindbrain - makes a connection |
| Hindbrain made up of... | Cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata |
| Function of pons | Respiration control |
| Function of medulla oblongata | Controls involuntary centres eg respiration/digestion |
| Name the meniges | Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater |
| What does CSF stand for | Cerebrospinal fluid |
| What is the cauda equina? | Caudal section of spinal cord |
| Sensory neurons | Receive stimuli and transmit to CNS |
| Visceral neurons | Receive and transmit nerve impulses - at visceral organs |
| Motor neurons | Effect a change e.g. movement, muscle contraction |
| Somatic neurons | Receive and transmit nerve impulses - skeletal system |
| Ganglion | Cell bodies of neurons collect together in a nerve |
| Reflex arc | An involuntary fixed response to certain stimuli |
| What nervous system do the ulnar, radial and sciatic nerves belong to? | Peripheral nervous system PNS |
| 2 branches of the autonomic nervous system | Sympathetic and parasympathetic |
| Sympathetic nervous system actions | Fight and flight |
| Parasympathetic nervous system actions | Rest and Digest |
| How many cranial nerves are there | 12 |
| Name Cranial Nerve 10 (starts with V) | Vagus nerve |
| Name cranial nerve 2 (starts with O) | Optic nerve |
| Name cranial nerve 5 (starts with T) | Trigeminal nerve |
| What is in a mixed nerve | Motor and Sensory fibres |
| What is the white of the eye called | Sclera |
| What nerve cells (photoreceptors) pick up coloured light | Cones |
| Name the auditory ossicles | Malleus, incus, stapes |
| Sensory hairs in the Organ of Corti sense what? | Sound waves |
| What is olfaction | Sense of smell |
Created by:
jennytinson
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