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Key Dates

Charles I

QuestionAnswer
Charles was born 1500
Became Duke of Burgundy 1506
Became King of Spain 1516
First visited Castille September 1517
Visited the rest of Spain for the first time 1518
Became Holy Roman Emperor 1519
Went off to compete for the HRE title, left Adrian of Utrecht in charge 1519
Communeros revolt May 1520-21
Germania revolt 1519-21
Charles returned to Spain after becoming HRE 1522
Charles had a settled period in Spain 1522-29
Charles married Isabella of Portugal 1526
Isabella of Portugal died 1539
Gattinara, Charles' chief advisor died 1530
Francisco de los Cobos travelled with Charles 1529-33
Cobos died 1547
Council of State established 1526
Council of Finance established 1523
Council of War set up 1522
The Communeros captured Charles' mother, Joanna 1520
The Royal Army put down the Communeros 1521 Battle of Villalar
The Crown recaptured Valencia from the Germania and defeated their army 1521
Last areas of the Germania surrendered 1524
Charles improved early relations with Francis 1516 Treaty of Noyon
The Cortes of Castile protested against the appointment of Jean le Sauvage, a Burgundian, as president of the Cortes 1518
The Cortes of Aragon accepted Charles as King and granted 200,000 ducats January 1519
The Cortes which met at Santiago cause great annoyance as a Cortes had never been called in such a remote place before March 1520
Attempt made by the Cortes to discuss political matters before granting money - dealt firmly with by Charles 1523
Charles needed money to fight the Turks but only received a few small donations 1527
Charles asked for a tax on food, the sisa, but the nobles refused 1538
Charles admitted that his Castillian debts "amounted to far more than I receive in revenue" 1523
Made the sales tax, the alcabala, a fixed sum. This caused its value to decrease with inflation 1534
Resorted to selling public offices and certificates of nobility in order to raise money 1552
Added Tournai to the Netherlands by force 1521
Added Utrecht to the Netherlands by force 1527
Pope Clement VII confirmed Charles' right to choose bishops in the Netherlands 1530
Papal Bulls needed Charles' approval before being issued in the Netherlands 1531
Enlarged the authority of Brussels over the provinces 1531
Extended the Spanish Inquisition to the Netherlands 1522
Brought the Index of Prescribed Books to the Netherlands 1543
The Netherlands gave Charles an average of 1.5m livres per year 1520s and 1530s
The Netherlands gave Charles an average of 5m livres per year 1544
The Netherlands gave Charles an average of 6.5m livres per year 1555
Revolt of Ghent 1539
Augsburg Transaction secured recognition of the Netherlands as a single political unit separate from the HRE 1548
Pragmatic Sanction ensured his heirs would inherit all 17 provinces in the Netherlands 1549
Extremely severe placards issued in the Netherlands, prohibiting Protestant ideas 1525
Death penalty introduced in the Netherlands for heresey 1550
The Estates General rejected Charles attempt to bring together the Dutch provinces to a closer military union 1534
The Turks captured Rhodes 1522
The Turks captured Belgrade 1523
The Tukrs captured Buda and nearly wiped out the Hungarian army 1526 Battle of Mohacs
Siege of Vienna 1529
The Turks regrouped after the Siege of Vienna and attacked again 1532
Barbarossa became Grand Admiral of the Turkish fleet 1532
Barbarossa captured Tunis 1534
Charles recaptured Tunis 1535
Disastrous attempt by Charles to capture Algiers 1541
Francis seized Milan, kicking off his military career as King 1515
The French attacked Navarre hoping Charles was distracted by the Communeros 1521
Charles' closest adviser, Chièvres de Croy died 1521
A joint Habsburg and Papal army drove the French out of Milan and seized Tournai 1521
The French were heavily defeated at Biocca in an attempt to retake Milan 1522
The French came under attack from the English in the North, Bourbon in the East and the Habsburgs in the South, but the alliance achieved little 1523
Charles' forces crushed the French 10:1 and captured Francis 1525 Battle of Pavia
Treaty of Madrid 1526
Anti-Habsburg alliance formed between Charles, the Papacy, Venice, Florence and the Duke of Milan 1526 League of Cognac
Sack of Rome 1527
England and France jointly declared war on Charles, with the French besieging Naples 1528
The French tried to take Milan but were defeated at the Battle of Landriano June 1529
Peace of Cambrai August 1529
Francis' son Henry married Pope Clement VII's niece, Catherine de Medici 1533
The last of the Sforza's died and Charles took Milan 1535
French troops captured Turin 1536
Treaty of Nice 1538
Charles made Phillip Duke of Milan 1540
Two of Francis' envoys were murdered, in which Francis blamed Charles without any evidence and declared war the following year 1541
The French helped the Ottomans to captured Nice from Charles' ally, the Duke of Savoy 1542
Charles invaded France with Henry VIII, almost reaching Paris 1544
Peace of Crépy 1544
Charles' truce with the Sultan came to an end, with Tripoli immediately being lost to the Ottomans 1551
Henry II came to the throne in France 1547
Treaty between Henry II and the German Protestants 1552 Treaty of Chambord
Anglo-Habsburg relationship sealed through marriage between Phillip and Mary Tudor 1554
Charles attempted to besiege Metz, a vital strategic fortress for the French, failed. 1552 - 1553
Treaty that ended the Habsburg-Valois wars, after Charles had abdicated 1559 Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis
Knights War in Germany 1522
Peasant's Revolt in Germany 1524-25
Created by: DylDZ-ALevel
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