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LOM Ch. 11
The Cardiovascular System from the Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| upper chamber of the heart that receives and holds blood that is about to enter the ventricle | Atrium |
| Largest artery in the body | Aorta |
| Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart | Arteries |
| Lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart to the rest of the body | Ventricle |
| Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart | Veins |
| Smallest blood vessels | Capillaries |
| Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles. | systolic pressure |
| occurs when the ventricles are relaxed; the lowest pressure against the walls of an artery | diastolic pressure |
| the pacemaker of the heart | sinoatrial node (SA node) |
| instrument to measure blood pressure | sphygmomanometer |
| includes the flow of blood to all parts of the body except the lungs | systemic circulation |
| a small artery | arteriole |
| record of the electricity flowing through the heart | electrocardiogram |
| small pinpoint hemorrhage | petechiae |
| double-layered membrane surrounding the heart | pericardium |
| inner lining of the heart | endocardium |
| muscular, middle layer of the heart | myocardium |
| listening with a stethoscope | auscultation |
| a small vein | venule |
| vessel | angi/o |
| visualize the inside of a vessel/repair of a vessel | angiogram/angioplasty |
| artery | arteri/o |
| surgical procedure to remove the atheromatous plaque material, or blockage, in the lining of an artery constricted by the buildup of deposits | endarterectomy |
| degeneration of the walls of the arteries caused by accumulated fatty deposits and scar tissue, and leading to restriction of the circulation and a risk of thrombosis | atheroma |
| minimally invasive endovascular surgery technique for removing atherosclerosis from blood vessels within the body | atherectomy |
| atrium | atri/o |
| pertaining to the atria, the upper chambers of the heart | atrial |
| arm | brachi/o |
| major blood vessel of the (upper) arm | brachial artery |
| heart | cardi/o |
| abnormal enlargement of the heart | cardiomegaly |
| disease of the heart | cardiomyopathy |
| cholesterol | cholesterol/o |
| high amounts of cholesterol in the blood | hypercholesterolemia |
| blue | cyan/o |
| a bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood | cyanosis |
| oxygen | ox/o |
| deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the tissues | hypoxia |
| pericardium | pericardi/o |
| procedure where fluid is aspirated from the pericardium | pericardiocentesis |
| vein | phleb/o |
| process of making an incision in a vein with a needle. The procedure itself is known as a venipuncture | phlebotomy |
| pulse | sphygm/o |
| a medical instrument for listening to the action of someone's heart or breathing | stethoscope |
| clot | thromb/o |
| local coagulation or clotting of the blood in a part of the circulatory system | thrombosis |
| valve | valvul/o |
| balloon aortic valvotomy is the widening of a stenotic aortic valve using a balloon catheter inside the valve | valvuloplasty |
| vessel | vas/o |
| the constriction of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure | vasoconstriction |
| the dilatation of blood vessels, which decreases blood pressure | vasodilation |
| abnormal rapid heart rhythm | fibrillation |
| rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria | flutter |
| congenital malformation involving four (tetra-) distinct heart defects | tetralogy of fallot |
| narrowing of the large blood vessel (aorta) that leads from the heart | coarctation of the aorta |
| passageway between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open after birth | patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) |
| blood flow stops, cell death | necrosis |
| open heart operation to treat coronary artery disease by replacing clogged arteries | coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) |
| damage to heart muscle and heart valves by rheumatic fever (a streptococcal infection) | rheumatic heart disease |
| widening of arterial wall | aneurysm |
| injection of contrast into vessel and x-ray imaging | angiography |
| removal of a clot that traveled into a blood-vessel and suddenly caused occlusion | endarterectomy |
| non-surgical procedure used to treat narrowing of the coronary arteries of the heart found in coronary artery disease | percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) |
| narrowing | -constriction |
| widening; stretching; expanding | -dialation |
| breakdown; separation; destruction; loosening | -lysis |
| measure | -meter |
| hardening | -sclerosis |
| tightening; structure | -stenosis |
| no; not; without | a-, an |
| slow | brady- |
| fast | tachy- |
| A condition resulting from the heart's inability to pump out all the blood that returns to it; blood backs up in the veins leading to the heart, causing an accumulation of fluid in various parts of the body | congestive heart failure |
| inflammation of the inner lining of the heart | endocarditis |
| Improper closure of the valve between the heart's upper and lower left chambers. | mitral valve prolapse |
| recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes | Raynaud's disease |
| higher than normal blood pressure | Hypertension |
| blood coming from the right ventricle travels to the _______ via the pulmonary_______and then it returns to the heart. | lungs, artery |
Created by:
Marshaherrera
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