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Ch 23 Reproductive
The male and female reproductive sys
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the process of cell division that halves the chromosome number in a cell to produce a gamete? | meiosis |
| What is the male gamete called? | spermatozoon or sperm cell |
| What is the male gonad? | testis |
| What is the structure on the surface of the testis that stores sperm? | epididymis |
| What glands, aside the testis, contribute secretions to semen? | the seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands. |
| What glands are the main subdivisions of a spermatozoon? | the head, midpiece, and tail, (flagellum) |
| What two pituitary hormones regulate both male and female reproduction? | LH and FSH |
| Which cell type in the testis produces the main male sex hormone? | leydig cells |
| What is the term for failure of the testis to descend? | cryptorchidism |
| What does the abbreviation STI mean? | sexually transmitted infection |
| What is the female gamete called? | ovum |
| What is the female gonad called? | ovary |
| In what organ does a fetus develop? | uterus |
| In what structure does an ovum mature? | ovarian follicle |
| What are the two hormones produced in the ovaries? | estrogen and progesterone |
| What process releases an ovum from the ovary? | ovulation |
| What does the follicle become after its ovum is released? | the follicle becomes a corpus luteum |
| What is the term describing the complete cessation of menstrual cycles? | menopause |
| What term describes the use of artificial means to prevent fertilization of an ovum? | contraception |
| What is amenorrhea? | absence of menstrual flow. |
| What is the common term for a myoma, a benign uterine tumor? | fibroid |
| What is oligospermia? | low sperm count. |
| Corpus luteum | yellow body formed from ovarian follicle after ovulation. |
| Endometrium | lining of the uterus. |
| Estrogen | group of female sex hormones that promotes development of the uterine lining and maintains secondary sex characteristics. |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | hormone produced by the anterior pituitary that stimulates development of ova in the ovary and spermatozoa in the testes. |
| Gamete | reproductive cell/ ovum or spermatozoon. |
| Infertility | decreased ability to reproduce. |
| Luteinizing hormone (LH) | hormone produced by the anterior pituitary that induces ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum in females; in males it stimulates cells in the testes to produce testosterone. |
| Menopause | time during which menstruation ceases. |
| Menses | monthly flow of blood from the female reproductive tract. |
| Menstruation | the period of menstrual flow. |
| Ovarian follicle | a fluid filled sac that contains a immature egg or oocyte |
| Ovary | female gonad/reproductive gland |
| Ovulation | release of a mature ovum from a follicle in the ovary. |
| Ovum | female gamete/ reproductive cell or gamete |
| Progesterone | hormone produced by the corpus luteum and placenta; maintains the lining of the uterus for pregnancy. |
| Semen | mixture of sperm cells and secretions from several glands of the male reproductive tract. |
| Spermatozoon | male gamete/ reproductive cell |
| Testis | male gonad/ reproductive gland |
| Testosterone | male sex hormone produced in the testes; promotes the development of sperm cells and maintains secondary sex characteristics |
| Uterus | muscular pear shaped organ in the female pelvis within which the fetus develops during pregnancy. |
| ACRO | EXTREMITY |
| CIRCUM | AROUND |
| FER | TO CARRY |
| SEMINO | SEMEN, SEED |
| TESTO | TESTIS |
| CRYPTO | HIDDEN |
| OLIGO | FEW, DEFICIENCY |
| ORCHIDO, ORCHIO | TESTIS |
| METRO | UTERUS |
| OVAR, OVARIO | OVARY |
| OVO, OVI | EGG |
| RECTO | RECTUM |
| HYSTERO | UTERUS |
| MENO | UTERINE BLEEDING, MENSES |
| SALPINGO | TUBE |
| Gametes go through a special process of cell division called | meiosis |
| Spermatozoa begin their development in tiny coiled | seminiferous tubules |
| An ovum matures in a small fluid-filled cluster of cells called the | follicle |
| Failure of the testis to descend into the scrotum results in the disorder | cryptorchidism |
| Surgical removal of the uterus is called a | hysterectomy |
| A hormone released by the pituitary that promotes follicular development in the ovary | follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) |
| A hormone released by developing follicles that promotes thickening of the endometrium | estrogen |
| A hormone released by the pituitary that stimulates ovulation | luteinizing hormone (LH) |
| A hormone released by the corpus luteum that peaks after ovulation | progesterone |
| The main male sex hormone | testosterone |
| What structure does the fetal testis travel through to descend into the scrotum? | inguinal canal |
| Where are the enzymes that help the sperm cell penetrate the ovum located? | acrosome |
| What is testicular inflammation called? | orchitis |
| What structure suspend the uterus and ovaries in the pelvic cavity? | broad ligaments |
| What is the term for the area between the vaginal opening and the anus? | perineum |
| Where is the most common site of cancer in the female reproductive tract? | endometrium |
| PID | Pelvic inflammatory disease |
| STI | Sexually transmitted infection |
| HPV | Human papillomavirus |
| LH | Luteinizing hormone |
| BPH | Benign prostatic hyperplasia |
Created by:
Jessica Venyke
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