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Cardiovascular Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What covers the surface of the heart | epicardium (visceral pericardium) |
| During a 1st degree heart block, electrical impulses move through | the AV node |
| Will heart rate vary with body size and gender | Yes |
| Abnormally rapid heart rate is called | Tachycardia |
| Arrhythmia | any deviation from the normal pattern of the heartbeat |
| Arterioles | the smallest branch of an artery |
| The amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute is known as | Cardiac output |
| What would NOT be an effect on the heart rate if the SA node is not functioning | Bradycardia |
| What is Rheumatic disease | damage to the heart muscle and heart valves caused by episodes of rheumatic fever, caused by staph and strep |
| Angina pectoris | is severe chest pain and constriction about the heart, usually radiating to the left shoulder and down the left arm creating a feeling of pressure in the anterior chest |
| Starling’s law of the heart | changes force of myocardial contraction by stretch, an increase in stretch causes an increase in force of myocardial contraction and an increase in stroke volume |
| What valve is part of the two atrioventricular valves | semilunar valve |
| Fetal circulation | the system of blood vessels and structures through which blood moves in a fetus |
| Portal vein | carries blood from the digestive tract to the liver |
| The hepatic portal vein | is a major component of the hepatic portal system, one of the main portal venous systems in the body |
| Hepatic vein | carries blood from the liver to the inferior vena cava |
| Hepatic artery | brings oxygen-rich blood to the liver |
| Venules | are the smallest veins which collect the deoxygenated blood from the cells for transport back to the heart |
| The blood flow sequence | Right atrium » Tricuspid valve » Right ventricle » Pulmonic Valve » Pulmonary artery » Pulmonary capillaries » Pulmonary » Veins » Left atrium » Bicuspid (mitral) valve » Left ventricle » Aortic valve » Aorta |
| Systemic circulation | circulation of blood from the left ventricle of the heart throughout the body and back to the right atrium of the heart |
| Arteries | large thick-walled vessels that carry the blood away from the heart |
| Capillaries | thin walls consisting of a single layer of endothelial cells |
| Veins | transport the blood from the venules to the heart |
| How many layers of tissue is the heart composed of | 3 Layers: 1.)Endocardium 2.)Myocardium 3.)Epicardium |
| What are the 4 chambers of the heart | 1.) Right Atrium 2.) Right Ventricle 3.) Left Atrium 4.) Left Ventricle |
| What are the tough fibrous bands that hold the atrioventricular valves in place | Chordae Tendineae |
| The right heart pumps the blood to where | to the lungs |
| The left heart pumps the blood to where | the rest of the body |
| Certain bacterial diseases may damage heart valves. Damage to the left semilunar valve interferes with blood flow into what chamber or vessel | Aorta |
| What structures prevent AV valves from opening back into the atria | Chordae tendineae and papillary muscles |
| Which two heart chambers contain oxygen-rich blood | Left atrium and Left ventricle |
| What is another name for the SA node | the pacemaker of the heart |
| What cause the myocardium to contract | Electrical signals |
| What is the order of the conduction system | SA node -> AV node-> Bundle of His -> Right and left bundle branches of His -> Purkinje fibers |
| What is the average rate of the SA Node | 80 BPM |
| What is the average rate of the AV Node | 40 - 50 BPM |
| What is happening to cause the Systole | contraction or squeezing |
| What is happening to cause the Diastole | relaxation |
| What is due to the vibrations caused by closure of the valves | Lubb-dupp |
| Which part of the lubb-dupp is caused by the closure of the AV valves at the beginning of the ventricular systole | Lubb |
| Which part of the lubb-dupp is caused by the closure of the semilunar valves at the beginning of the ventricular diastole | dupp |
| What is the medical term for heart attack | Myocardial Infarction |
| What is the medical term for the amount of blood ejected during one beat | Stroke volume |
| What is the normal blood pressure | 120/80 |
| What is caused by the pumping of the heart or alternating expansion and recoil of the artery creating a pressure wave | pulse |
| How much blood does the heart pump everday | 7,200 quarts, approx. 5 quarts per minute or 2.5 ounces per beat |
| How many times does the heart beat everyday | about 100,000 times |
| How big is the heart | about fist size |
| what is the number of times the heart beats per minute | Heart rate |
| What is responsible for pumping blood, carrying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide and other waste products | cardiovascular system |
| what is between the chest and the lungs | mediastinum |
| The area of the chest covering the heart | precordium |
| The common wall between the left and right side of the heart | septum |
| What enters the septum that separates the right and left ventricles | bundle of his |
| What is defined as the pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries | blood pressure |
| localized dilation of a weakened area of the wall of an artery. The weakened area balloons out with every pulsation of the artery | aneurysm |
| What is the medical term for harding of the veins | atherosclerosis |
| What is the medical term for elevated blood pressure | hypertension |
| What is the medical term for low blood pressure | hypotension |
| What is the medical term for decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organ | ischemia |
| A low-pitched humming or fluttering sound heard on auscultation | murmur |
| what is the medical term for urination at night | nocturia |
| Medical term for pounding or racing of the heart | palpitation |
| medical term for the formation or existence of a blood clot | thrombosis |
| An abnormal growth of tissue around the valve | vegetation |
| Enlarged, superficial veins, a twisted, dilated vein with incompetent valves | varicose veins |
Created by:
tsloan81
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