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Chapter 6 Muscle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the four major functional characteristics of skeletal muscles? | Contractility, Excitability, Extensibility, and Elasticity |
| The ability of skeletal muscles to shorten with force | contractility |
| responds to stimulus | excitability |
| outermost connective tissue | extensiblity |
| inside the fascia, second layer of connective tissue | fascia |
| bundle of muscle cells | epimysium |
| surrounds each fascicle | muscle fasicle |
| thin myofiliaments, peals | actin myofilaments |
| thick myofiliaments, golf clubs | myosin myofilaments |
| basic unit of muscle | sarcomeres |
| thin line of actin, starts and finishes sacomeres | z line |
| on both sides of z line, light area, actin | l band |
| dark area of sarcomere, myosin | a band |
| between a zones, myosin | H zone |
| raises the eyebrow | occipitofrontalis |
| closes the eyelids | orbicularis oculi |
| puckers the lips | orbiculais oris |
| flattens the cheeks | buccinator |
| smiling | zygomaticus |
| sneering | levator labii superioris |
| frowning | depressor anguli oris |
| chewing | mastication |
| 2 pairs of pterygoids, temporalis, and masseter | mastication muscles |
| change the shape of the tongue | instrinic muscles |
| moves the tongue | extrinic muscles |
| rotates and abducts head, prime mover | sternocleidomastoid |
| group of muscles that keep the back straight and the body erect | erector spinae |
| accomplishes quiet breathing | diaphragm |
| rotates scapula | trapezius |
| pulls the scapula anteriorly | serratus anteriorly |
| abducts and flexes the arm | pectoralis major |
| extends arm powerfully, rotates, and adducts the arms | latissimus dorsi |
| attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle | deltoid |
| extends the forearms | triceps brachii |
| flexes the forearm | biceps brachii |
| flexes and supinates the forearm | brachialis |
| flexes the wrist | flexor carpi |
| extends the wrists | extensor carpi |
| flexes the fingers | flexor digitorum |
| extends the fingers | extensor digitorum |
| buttocks | gluteus maximus |
| hip muscles | gluteus medius |
| extends the legs, anterior thigh muscle | quadriceps femoris |
| flexes the thigh | sartorius |
| posterior thigh muscle, flexes the legs and extends the thigh | hamstring |
| dark line down the center, myosin | M line |
| nerve cells that carry action potential to muscle | motor neurons |
| each branch of an axon that connects to the muscle | neuromuscular junction/ synapse |
| enlarged nerve terminal | presynaptic terminal |
| space between presynaptic and the muscle | synaptic vesicles |
| the muscle fiber touching the synaptic cleft | acetylcholine |
| secrete neurotransmitters | acetylcholinesterase |
| neurotransmitters from the synaptic vesicle | acetylcholine |
| makes sure that only one action potential is sent to the motor neuron | acetylcholinesterase |
| sliding of actin and myosin during contraction | sliding filament mechanism |
| contraction of an entire muscle responding to stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers | muscle twitch |
| muscle fiber will not respond until the stimulus | threshold |
| the time between application of stimulus and the beginning of contraction | lag phase |
| ATP | energy needed for muscle contraction |
| increase in number of motor units being activated | recruitment |
| center | light area in the H zone |
| H zone | only myosin |
| outside cell membrane | positively charged |
| inside cell membrane | negatively charged |
| resting membrane potential | charge difference |
| action potential | the reversal back for the charge |
| motor neurons | nerve cells carry action to muscle fibers |
| synapse | center of the cell |
| neuron muscular junction | branch that connects to the muscle |
| postsynaptic terminal | enlarged nerve terminal |
| synaptic vessels | each presynaptic terminal |
| actin and myosin myofilaments | 2 kinds of protein fibers |
| synaptic cleft | spaces between presynaptic and muscle cell |
| True | True or false: you have to have ATP for a muscle to contract |
| False | True or false: There is 3 different types of protein fibers |
Created by:
Kassidy.liane
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