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Medical Terminology
A set of medical terms needed for coding, includes anatomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Integumentary System | The skin and accessory organs (nails, hair and glands) |
| Epidermis | Outermost layer containing keratin |
| Stratum corneum | most superficial layer of four layers called stratum |
| Basal layer | deepest region of epidermis (stratum germinativum or stratum basale) is growth layer |
| Dermis | Second layer of skin; Two layers are papillary and reticulum; Fibrous connective tissue or skin appendages (Blood vessels, nerves, hair, nails, glands) |
| Subcutaneous tissue or Hypodermis | not considered a layer of skin; contains fat tissue and fibrous connective tissue; AKA superficial fascia. Connects skin to underlying muscle. |
| Nails | Keratin plates covering dorsal surface of each finger and toe; Lunula - semilunar or half moon; white area at base of nail plate is growth area; Thickens and lengthens nail; |
| Eponychium | Cuticle; narrow band of epidermis at base and sides of nail |
| Paronychium | soft tissue around nail border |
| Sebaceous glands | located in dermal layer; secrete sebum that lubricates skin/hair; influenced by sex hormones; so they hypertrophy in adolescence and atrophy in old age. |
| Sudoriferous glands | AKA sweat glands; originate in dermis; extend through epidermis opening as pores. Secrete mostly water and salts to cool body. |
| aden/o | in relationship to a gland |
| adip/o | fat |
| albin/o | white |
| aut/o | self |
| bi/o | life |
| bx | biopsy |
| ca | cancer |
| caus/o | burning sensation |
| cauter/o | burn |
| -coccus | spherical bacterium |
| crypt/o | hidden |
| cutane/o | skin |
| cyan/o | blue |
| derm | dermatology |
| derm/o, dermat/o | skin |
| diaphor/o | profuse sweating |
| eosin/o | rosy |
| erythem/o, erythr/o | red |
| heter/o | different |
| hidr/o | sweat |
| ichthy/o | dry/scaly |
| jaund/o | yellow |
| epi-o | on/upon |
| hyper- | over |
| hypo- | under |
| -ectomy | removal |
| -ia | condition |
| I&D | incision and drainage |
| intra- | within |
| kerat/o | hard |
| leuk/o | white |
| lip/o | fat |
| lute/o | yellow |
| -malacia | softening |
| melan/o | black |
| myc/o | fungus |
| necr/o | death |
| onych/o | nail |
| pachy/o | thick |
| -opsy | view of |
| para | beside |
| per- | through |
| peri- | surrounding |
| phyt/o | plant |
| pil/o | hair |
| -plasty | surgical repair |
| poli/o | gray matter |
| PPD | tuberculin skin test |
| py/o | pus |
| rhytid/o | wrinkle |
| rube/o | red |
| -rrhea | discharge |
| seb/o | sebum/oil |
| staphyl/o | clusters |
| steat/o | fat |
| strept/o | twisted chain |
| squam/o | flat/scalelike |
| sub- | under |
| subcu, subq, SC, SQ | subcutaneous |
| -tome | an instrument to cut |
| -tomy | to cut |
| trich/o | hair |
| ungu/o | nail |
| xanth/o | yellow |
| xer/o | dry |
| Absence | without |
| Adipose | fatty |
| Albinism | lack of color pigment |
| Allograft | Homograft, same species graft |
| Alopecia | Condition in which hair falls out |
| acous/o | hearing |
| blephar/o | eyelid |
| canth/o | corner of eyelid |
| cochle/o | cochlear |
| conjunctiv/o | conjunctival |
| dacry/o | relating to the lacrimal system; tear |
| dipl/o | two |
| goni/o | angle |
| irid/o | iris |
| kerat/o | corneal |
| myring/o | tympanic membrane |
| -opia | vision |
| ot/o | ear |
| phak/o | lens |
| phot/o | light |
| -ptosis | droop |
| retin/o | retinal |
| rhin/o | nose |
| scler/o | ocular sclera |
| staped/o | stapes |
| tars/o | margin of eyelid |
| trabecul/o | relating to meshwork for drainage of aqueous humor |
| uve/o | uveal |
| vitre/o | vitreous |
| AACG | acute angle closure glaucoma |
| AC | anterior chamber |
| AMD | age related macular degeneration |
| CACG | chronic angle closure glaucoma |
| CE | cataract extraction |
| DA | dark adaptation |
| FA | fluorescein angiography |
| FB | foreign body |
| FTG | fulltime glasses |
| GDD | glaucoma drainage device |
| GP | gas permeable |
| IOL | intraocular lens |
| LL | lower lid |
| NLD | nasal lacrimal duct |
| OAG | open angle glaucoma |
| OD | right eye |
| OS | left eye |
| OU | both eyes |
| PCIOL | posterior chamber IOL |
| PMMA | polymethylmethacrylate |
| PSC | posterior subcapsular cataract |
| RD | retinal detachment |
| RK | radial keratotomy |
| ROP | retinopathy of prematurity |
| TM | trabecular meshwork |
| VALE | visual acuity left eye |
| VARE | visual acuity right eye |
| WNL | within normal limits |
| Evisceration | contents of eyeball are scooped out, but the sclera shell remains connected to the eye muscles, so the prosthesis, fitted into the globe, will have natural movement |
| Enucleation | connections (muscles, vessels, and optic nerve) are severed and entire eyeball is removed en mass |
| Exenteration | Surrounding skin, fat, muscle, and bone are removed |
| Acoustic Neuroma | Benign tumor arising from cells of the auditory nerve, also called a vestibular schwannoma |
| After-cataract | Following cataract removal, physician opts to retain the posterior outermost shell, so any organic separation remains between the posterior and anterior chambers. This remaining shell later may develop opacities called "after-cataract" |
| 50 | Modifier appended to code to indicate bilateral procedure |
| E1 | Upper left, eyelid |
| E2 | Lower left, eyelid |
| E3 | Upper right, eyelid |
| E4 | Lower right, eyelid |
| LS | FDA monitored intraocular lens (IOL) implant |
| LT | Left |
| PL | Progressive addition lenses |
| RT | Right |
| VP | Aphakic patient |
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