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Anatomy
The Anatomical Position
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cephalic | Head |
| Cervical | Neck |
| Frontal | Forehead |
| Orbital | Eye |
| Otic | Ear |
| Buccal | Cheek |
| Nasal | Nose |
| Oral | Mouth |
| Mental | Chin |
| Axillary | Armpit |
| Brachial | Arm |
| Antecubital | Front of elbow |
| Antebrachial | Forearm |
| Carpal | Wrist |
| Palmar | Palm |
| Thoracic | Chest |
| Abdominal | Abdomen |
| Pelvic | Pelvis |
| Mammary | Breast |
| Umbilical | Navel |
| Coxal | Hip |
| Inguinal | Groin |
| Digital | Fingers |
| Manual | Hand |
| Pubic | Pubis |
| Femoral | Thigh |
| Patellar | Anterior surface of knee |
| Crural | Leg |
| Tarsal | Ankle |
| Pedal | Foot |
| Digital | Toes |
| acromial | Sholder |
| Scapular | Sholder blade |
| Vertebral | Spinal Column |
| Dorsal | Back |
| Lumbar | Loin |
| Sacral | Between hips |
| Gluteal | Buttock |
| Popliteal | Hollow between knee |
| Sural | Calf |
| Plantar | Sole |
| Calcaneal | Heel |
| Superior or cranial | toward the head end of the body |
| Inferior or caudal | away from the head |
| Anterior or ventral | front (example, the kneecap is located on the anterior side of the leg). |
| Posterior or dorsal | back (example, the shoulder blades are located on the posterior side of the body). |
| Medial | toward the midline of the body (example, the middle toe is located at the medial side of the foot). |
| Lateral | away from the midline of the body (example, the little toe is located at the lateral side of the foot). |
| Proximal | toward or nearest the trunk or the point of origin of a part (example, the proximal end of the femur joins with the pelvic bone). |
| Distal | away from or farthest from the trunk or the point or origin of a part (example, the hand is located at the distal end of the forearm). |
| Coronal Plane (Frontal Plane) | A vertical plane running from side to side |
| Sagittal Plane (Lateral Plane) | A vertical plane running from front to back |
| Axial Plane (Transverse Plane) | A horizontal plane |
| Median plane | Sagittal plane through the midline of the body |
| Flexion | The movement in which two body parts with common articulation bend toward each other |
| Extension | The movement in which two body parts with common articulation extend away from each other |
| Abduction | The lateral movements of the body part away from the vertical axis of the torso |
| Adduction | The lateral movement that pulls a body part toward the vertical axis of the torso |
| Circumduction | The movement in which the distal end of a limb describes a circle or arc while the proximal end remains stationary |
| Hyperextension | The extension of a joint beyond its normal range of motion |
| Lateral flexion | The lateral movements of the torso and head in the frontal plane. Lateral neck flexion Lateral trunk flexion |
| Lateral rotation | The rotational movement of a limb away the midline |
| Medial rotation | The rotational movement of a limb towards the midline |
| Depression | The movement in an inferior direction |
| Elevation | The movement in a superior direction |
| Pronation | Keeping the elbow and shoulder still, flip your hand into its front, palm down, in the prone position |
| Supination | With your hand resting on a table in front of you, and keeping your shoulder and elbow still, turn your hand into its back, palm up, in the supine postion |
| Dorsiflexion | The flexion at the ankle/wrist, so that the foot/hand points more superiorly |
| Plantarflexion | The extension at the ankle/wrist, so that the foot/hand points inferiorly |
| Inversion | The lateral rotation of the foot, such that the sole points medially |
| Eversion | The medial rotation of the foot, such that the sole points laterally |
| Opposition | The movement that moves the thumb and the little finger together |
| Reposition | The movement that moves the thumb and the little finger away from each other |
| Retraction | The backwards moving in the transverse plane |
| Protraction | The movement that goes forwards along the transverse plane |
| Abduction of thumb | to move the thumb anteriorly |
| Adduction of thumb | to bring the thumb back, to the side of palm |
| Extension of thumb | laterally from the hand and midline of body |
| Flexion of thumb | into palm of hand |
| Opposition | The movement that moves the thumb and the little finger together |
| Reposition | The movement that moves the thumb and the little finger away from each other |
Created by:
xchorok
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