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Musculoanatomical
Muscle name | Muscle function | Attachment (origin) | Attachment (insertion) | Innervation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pectoralis Minor | Elevates upper ribs | Ribs 3-5 | Coracoid process | Pectoral |
Serratus Anterior | Move scapula forward, rotate scapula | Ribs 1-8 | Medial Border Scapula | Long thoracic |
External Intercostals | Elevate rib cage, aid inspiration | Infer border rib above | Superior border rib below | Intercostal |
Internal Intercostals | Depress rib cage, aid expiration | Supr border rib below | Inferior border rib above | Intercostal |
Diaphragm | Prime mover of inspiration, flattens when contracts, lengthens thoracic cavity | Phrenic | ||
Rectus Abdominis | Flex and rotate vertebral column | Pubic crest and symphysis | Xiphoid process and ribs 5-7 (cartilage) | Intercostal |
External Oblique | Flex and rotate vertebral column, trunk rotation and lateral flexion | Ribs 5-12 | Pubic crest and iliac crest, linea alba | Intercostal |
Internal Oblique | Same as external oblique | Iliac crest | Ribs 9-12 (cartilage), linea alba | Intercostal |
Transversus Abdominis | Compress abdominal contents | Ribs 6-12 (cartilage) | Pubic crest, linea alba | Intercostal and Ilioinguinal |
Trapezius | Extend neck; raise, rotate, and adduct scapula | Occipital bone and spinous process of thoracic vertebrae | Acromion and spine of scapula | Accessory |
Latissimus Dorsi | Arm extension, adduct and rotate arm | Spinous process of T6-L5 | Lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula | Thoracodorsal |
Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis | As a pair: Extend neck and vertebral column | Transverse process of C7-T12 | Occipital bone and spinous process of cervical vertebrae | (dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-S5) |