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MT - Ch. 15
Essentials of Medical Terminology - Ch. 15
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cheeks | are lined with buccal mucosa |
| hard & soft palates | separate the mouth from the nasal cavity |
| uvula | closes off the nasal passage during swallowing |
| tongue (most versatile muscle in the body) | is for talk, taste, & swallowing (roughness comes from papillae, which sense sweet, sour, salt, & bitter) |
| temporary teeth | are called deciduous |
| types of teeth are | incisors, canines, bicuspids, & molars |
| incisors & canines (cuspids) | located toward the front of the mouth |
| bicuspids (premolors) & molars | located toward the back of the mouth |
| the crown | is located above the gums |
| the root | below the gums |
| teeth consist (from inside out) | pulp, enamel, dentin, & cementum |
| front teeth | tear food |
| back teeth | masticate it |
| swallowing | is deglutition |
| the food (bolus) | passes through the pharynx to the esophagus |
| bolus moves | down the esophagus by peristalsis & into the stomach through the lower esophageal sphincter |
| food enter | the stomach through the lower esophageal sphincter & leaves through the pyloric sphincter |
| the bolus | is mixed with gastric juices to form chyme |
| rugae | the folds of the stomach, walls |
| regions of stomach are | cardia, fundus, body, & antrum |
| curves of stomach are | lesser & greater |
| small intestine is | 1 inch in diameter & 21 feet long |
| 3 regions of small intestine are | duodenum, jejunum, & ileum |
| small intestine nutrients are absorbed | by villa, which protrude from the plicae circulares (inner surface area is greatly increased by folds) |
| waste leaves | the ileoecal valve |
| large intestine is | 5 feet long & 2.4 inches in diameter |
| large intestine absorbs | water, vitamin K, and some B vitamins & eliminates waste |
| region of the large intestine are | cecum, the colon, & rectum |
| the rectum of large intestine includes | anal canal, anus, & external & internal sphincters |
| salivary glands (located outside the mouth & drain saliva into the oral cavity via slivary ducts) are the | parotid, submandibular, & sublingual |
| liver | produce bile; breakdown carbohydrates, fats, & proteins; stores sugar, vitamins A,D,E,&K, iron & copper; detoxifies harmful substances; & synthesizes blood-clotting factors prothrobim & fibringen |
| gallbladder | stores bile |
| biliary system consists of | the gallbladder, hepatic ducts, cystic ducts, & common bile ducts |
| pancreas | secretes pancreatic juice, which runs through the pancreatic duct to the duodenum |
| pancreas also | secretes insulin & glucagon, which regulate blood sugar |
| chol/e | bile; gall |
| hiat/o | gape; opening |
| intestin/o | intestine |
| umbilic/o | navel |
| -clysis | washing; irrigation |
| -flux | flow |
| -lytic | pertaining to destruction, separation, or breakdown |
| -tresia | opening |
| -tripsy | crushing |
| re- | back |
| retro- | backward; back |
| an/o | anus |
| -al | pertaining to |
| rect/o | rectum |
| anorectal | pertaining to the anus & rectum |
| peri- | around |
| perianal | pertaining to aroun the anus |
| append/o; appendic/o | appendix |
| appendectomy | surgical removal of the appendix |
| appendicitis | inflammation of the appendix |
| bil/i | bile |
| biliary | pertaining to bile |
| bucc/o | cheek |
| mucosa | mucous membrane |
| buccal mucosa | pertaining to the mucous membrane of the cheek |
| cec/o | cecum |
| -pexy | surgical fixation |
| cecopexy | surgical fixation of the cecum |
| cheil/o | lipa |
| cheiloplasty | surgical repair of the lips |
| cheilorrhaphy | suturing of the lips |
| rrhaphy | suture (to sew) |
| cheilosis | abnormal condition of the lips characterized by deep cracklike sores |
| cholangi/o | bile duct; bile vessel |
| cholangiogram | record of the bile ducts |
| cholangiopancreatography | process of recording the bile ducts & pancreas |
| cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
| cholecystectomy | excision of the gallbladder |
| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder |
| choledoch/o | common bile duct (CBD) |
| choledochotomy | incision into the common bile duct |
| col/o; colon/o | colon |
| colitis | inflammation of the colon |
| colocolostomy | creation of a new opening between two segments of the colon; anastomosis b/w two segments of the colon |
| anastomosis | surgical joining of two structures that are normally separate |
| colostomy | creation of a new opening b/w the colon and the abdominal wall |
| dent/o; odont/o | tooth |
| e- | without |
| edentulous | without teeth; having had teeth but lost them |
| dental caries | tooth decay |
| caries | decay; cavities |
| endodontist | dentist who specialized in the diagnosis & treatment of diseases within the tooth such as pulp |
| orthodontist | dentist who specialized in the correction of deformed or maloccluded teeth |
| ortho- | straight |
| periodontist | specialist in diseases of tissue around the tooth such as the gums & cementum |
| periodontium | structures around the tooth are collectively |
| duoden/o | duodenum |
| duodenal | pertaining to the duodenum |
| enter/o | small intestine; intestine |
| gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach & intestines |
| gastroenterology | study of the stomach & intestines including diseases & treatment |
Created by:
ltravis
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