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adult2
exam #3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| after a bone biopsy the site should be | monitored for bleeding |
| If a patient had a diagnostic arthroscopy and no surgical repair the nurse should? | encourage the patient to exercise the leg, including straight-leg raises. the patient can resume regular activities in 24 to 48 hours. |
| Crepitation | a granting sound as joint or bones moves |
| synovitis | an inflammation of synovial fluid within a joint inflammation would cause a joint area to feel warm, painful, and edematous. |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | make it difficult to perform ADL, observe the patients range of motion for performing ADL and hands movement in finger joints. |
| an assessment should be done to determine the cause of the pain as increased pain that is unresponsive to analgesic medication may indicate | bleeding in the soft tissue. |
| alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | an enzyme that increases when bone or liver tissue is damaged |
| in metabolic bone diseases and bone cancer ALP? | increases to reflect osteoblast or bone- forming cell activity. |
| serum calcium | decrease in patients with osteoporosis or in people who consume inadequate amounts of calcium in their diets. |
| serum calcium levels increase | in patient with bone cancer. |
| creatine Kinase (CK) | monitored for muscle disease. |
| articular cartilage | after many years wears down and become rough, leading to pain and stiffness. |
| asking how the pain feels and if the pain is burning or throbbing would help identify the ? | quality of pain. |
| asking if an event caused the pain helps? | identify a triggering event. |
| asking if the pain moves assesses for | radiation pain |
| asking the patient to rate the pain and the intense determines the | severity using a rating scale 0-10. |
| when muscle tissue is damaged | a number of serum enzymes are released into the bloodstream, including skeletal muscle creatine kinase. (CK-MM/ CK3) |
| serum calcium tends to decrease in patients with | osteoporosis or in people who consume inadequate amounts of calcium in their diets. |
| normal serum calcium levels | 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dl. |
| calcium levels greater than 10.5 mg/dl indicate | hypercalcemia, which may be related to metastatic bone disease or extended immobilization. |
| Arthrocentesis | involves withdrawal of synovial fluid from a joint space and used for analysis of the synovial fluid or for reduction of excess fluid. |
| Bone or muscle tissue can be surgically extracted for microscopic examination to confirm which disease | cancer, infection(bone biopsy), inflammation, or damage (muscle biopsy). |
| what are two techniques used to retrieve muscle tissue? | a needle (closed) biopsy or incisional (open) biopsy. |
| when assessing a patient with a fracture tibia and fibula the nurse should report? | to the physician if the capillary refill time is greater than 3 to 5 seconds as it can indicate circulatory compromise.. |
| The bone loss from osteoporosis can be offset by? | weight- bearing physical exercise which stimulates bone matrix deposition, increasing bone density. |
| The nurse inspects the biopsy site for? | bleeding ,swelling, and hematoma formation. |
| increased pain that is unresponsive to analgesic medication may indicate? | bleeding in the soft tissue. |
| The nurse should | witness signature on the surgical consent, maintain NPO status, and check the blood glucose level. |
| Neurovascular checks for an extremity include ? | movement, sensation (numbness/tingling), presence of pulses, skin temperature, color, and capillary refill. |
| common age-related changes include | decreased height due to smaller intervertebral spaces, joint pain and stiffness are associated with articular cartilage wear, and limb weakness because muscle strength declines with age as protein synthesis decreases. |
| this may be seen with Parkinson's disease | small shuffling steps |
| scoliosis | S-shaped curve is usually related. |
| is essential for the efficient absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the small intestine | vitamins D |
| required for the production process of bone matrix. | vitamins A and C |
| The patients history should include ? | diet history to determine if calcium and vitamin D intake are adequate, occupation and activities including sports and other physical activities |
| risk factors for musculoskeletal problems and family history of musculoskeletal problems to detect? | hereditary factors. |
Created by:
aurelia.mckinnon
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