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Ch 8 Study Guide
Things to know on the Muscular System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three types of muscle? | Smooth, Cardiac, and Skeletal |
| What are the three main functions of skeletal muscle? | movement of the skeleton, maintenance of posture, and generation of heat. |
| What are bundles of muscle fibers called? | Fascicles |
| What is the term for the difference in electrical charge on the two sides of a plasma membrane? | The membrane or transmembrane potential. |
| What is the name of the special synapse where a nerve cell makes contact with a muscle cell? | the neuromuscular junction. |
| What neurotransmitter is involved in the stimulation of skeletal muscle cells? | Acetylcholine (ACh) |
| What filaments interact to produce muscle contraction? | actin and myosin |
| What mineral is needed for interaction of the contractile filaments? | calcium |
| What compound is formed in oxidation of nutrients that supplies the energy for muscle contraction? | ATP |
| What compound stores reserves of oxygen in muscle cells? | Myoglobin |
| What are the two main types of muscle contraction? | isotonic and isometric |
| What are the names of the two attachment points of a muscle, and how do they function? | the origin is the muscle's attachment to a less movable part of the skeleton; the insertion is the attachment to a moveable part of the skeleton. When a muscle contracts, the insertion is brought closer to the origin. |
| What is the name of the muscle that produces a movement as compared with the muscle that produces an opposite movement? | the prime mover produces a movement. the muscle that produces the opposite movement is the antagonist. |
| Of the three classes of levers, which one represents the action of most muscles? | a third-class lever. |
| What muscle is most important in breathing? | the diaphragm. |
| What structural feature gives strength to the muscles of the abdominal wall? | the muscle fibers run in different directions. |
Created by:
Jessica Venyke