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Chap 7 Study guide
Things to know about the Skeleton: Bones and Joints
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the scientific names for the shaft and the ends of a long bone? | Diaphysis (shaft) Epiphysis (end of long bone) |
| What compounds are deposited in the intercellular matrix of the embryonic skeleton to harden it? | Calcium |
| What are the three type of cells found in bone, and what is the role of each? | Osteoblasts, which build bone; osteocytes, which maintain bone; and osteoclasts, which break down (resorb) bone. |
| What are the two types of osseous(bone) tissue, and where is each type found? | Compact bone makes up the main shaft of a long bone and the outer layer of the other bones; spongy bone makes up the ends of the long bones and the center of other bones. Also lines the medullary cavity of long bones. |
| What are the centers for secondary growth of a long bone called? | Epiphyseal plates |
| What are some functions of bone markings? | Help form joints, are points for muscle attachments, and allow passage of nerves and blood vessels. |
| What bones make up the skeleton of the trunk? | Vertebral column, and the bones of the thorax , (ribs and sternum) |
| What are the five regions of the vertebral column? | Cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx. |
| What are the four regions of the appendicular skeleton? | The shoulder girdle, upper extremity, pelvic bones, and the lower extremity. |
| What are five categories of bone disorders? | metabolic disorders, tumors, infections, structural disorders, and fractures. |
| What are three types of joints based on the degree of movement they allow? | synarthrosis (immovable) , amphiarthrosis (slightly movable), and diarthrosis (freely movable) |
| What is the most freely moveable type of joint? | synovial |
| What is the most common type of joint disorder? | arthritis |
| What type of endoscope is used to examine and repair joints? | arthroscope |
Created by:
Jessica Venyke
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