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Bone Class & Mark
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| compact bone | dense & made up of organizational units called osteons |
| spongy bone | composed of small trabeculae (columns) of bone & lots of open space |
| long bones | wide generally with a shaft & heads at either end - femur & phalanges |
| short bones | cube shaped & more spongey bone than compact - tarsals & carpals |
| flat bones | generally thin, 2 waferlike layers of compact bone sandwiching a thicker layer of spongey bone between them (can be curved) |
| irregular bones | bones that do not fall into one of the other categories - vertebrae |
| tuberosity | large rounded projection; may be roughened |
| crest | narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent |
| trochanter | very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process ( only on femur) |
| line | narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest |
| tubercle | small rounded projection or process |
| epicondyle | raised area on or above a condyle |
| spine | sharp, slender, often pointed projection |
| process | bony prominence |
| head | bony expansion carried on a narrow neck |
| facet | smooth, nearly flat articular surface |
| condyle | rounded articular projection |
| ramus | armlike bar of bone |
| fissure | narrow, slitlike opening |
| foramen | round or oval opening through a bone |
| notch | indentation at the edge of a structure |
| meatus | canal-like passageway |
| sinus | bone cavity, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane |
| fossa | shallow basinlike depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface |
| sesamoid bones | special types of short bones formed within tendons - patella |
| sutural bones | tiny bones between cranial bones |
| bone markings | reveal where bones form joints with other bones, where muscles, tendons, and ligaments were attached, and where blood vessels and nerves passed |
| atlas | between the axis and atlas vertebrae, which one is on top? |
| holes called foreman | what unique characteristic do the cervical vertebrae have? |
| 24 single bones | How many vertebrae are in the vertebral column? |
| 7 | How many cervical vertebrae are there? |
| 12 | How many thoracic vertebrae are there? |
| 5 | How many lumbar vertebrae are there? |
| sacrum & coccyx | What are the 2 fused bones in the spine? |
| intervertebral discs (fibrocartilage) | What is inbetween the vertebrae? |
| cervical vertebrae | Small, spinous process short, wide transverse processes, contain tranverse foramen |
| Atlas | no body, superior articular faucets, "yes", C1 |
| Axis | dens (pivot joint), "no", C2 |
| thoracic vertebrae | body heart-shaped, long spinous processes with sharp downward hook, superior & inferior articular processes, vertebral foramen round |
| lumbar vertebrae | massive bodies, short thick horizontal spinous processes, superior and inferior articular faucets |
Created by:
ellyeaton
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