Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatomy Ch1
Base terms and stuff
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | study of the structure/morphology of human body and its parts. Greek for a cutting up (what and where) |
| Physiology | (how) study of the functions of the human body and its parts; derived from Greek “relationship to nature” |
| Sub atomic particles | protons,neutrons and electrons make up cells |
| Atom | ; tiny particles that make up chemicals (hydrogen, carbon) |
| Molecule; | particles consisting of atoms joined together (water, glucose) |
| Macromolecule; | large particles consisting of molecules (DNA, protein) |
| Organelle; | functional part of a cell (lysomsom¬e, mitochondria) |
| Cell; | basic unit of structure and functions (muscle, nerve or blood cell) |
| Tissue; | layer or mass of cells with specific function (adipose tissue) |
| Organ; | group of different tissues with a function (digestive system) |
| Organism; | composed of organ systems interacting (human) |
| Metabolism | Events inside the body which obtain, release, and utilize energy are the main part of metabolism (all of the chemical reactions in an organism that support life). |
| Life requires 5 environmental factors | Water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure (atmosperhic pressure important for breathing, hydrostatic pressure keeps blood flowing) |
| Homeostatic mechanisms: | self-regulating systems that monitor aspects of the internal environment and correct them as needed. |
| 3 parts of a homeostatic mechanism | Receptor, control center, effector |
| Receptor: | detects and provides information about the stimuli |
| Control Center: | decision- maker that maintains the set point |
| Effector | muscle or gland that responds to the control center, and causes the necessary change in the internal environment |
| Negative feedback in homeostasis | : stimulus and reaction are different (blood sugar high, body tries to take it down. Negative) counteracts |
| Positive feedback in homeostasis: | intensifies the effect (contractions in childbirth, body makes them more intense) |
| Axial portion: | head, neck and trunk |
| Appendicular portion: | upper and lower limbs |
| Cranial cavity: | houses brain |
| Vertebral canal (spinal cavity) | contains spinal cord |
| Thoracic cavity: | houses lungs and thoracic viscera |
| Abdominopelvic cavity: | contains abdominal and pelvic viscera |
| Diaphragm: | muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity |
| Mediastinum: | region between lungs in thoracic cavity, which contains heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland |
| Abdominal cavity: | extends from diaphragm to top of pelvis, and contains stomach, liver, spleen, kidneys small intestine, most of large intestine |
| Pelvic Cavity: | enclosed by pelvic bones, and contains end of large intestine, urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs |
| small cavities of the head | Oral cavity, Nasal cavity, Orbital cavities, Middle ear cavities, Paranasal sinuses |
| Serous membranes consist of 2 layers: | Visceral layer, Parietal layer |
| Visceral Layer | inner layer, which covers an organ |
| Parietal Layer | outer layer, which lines wall of cavity |
| abdominopelvic serous membrane | peritoneum |
| Lungs serous membrane | pleura |
| Heart serous membrane | pericardium |
| Skin | Integumentary system |
| Integration and coordination of organ function through nerve impulses or hormones | Nervous and endocrine systems |
| Transportation of fluids, lymphocyte production, body defense | Lymphatic system |
| Anatomical position: | Standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the sides, palms facing forward |
| Anterior or ventral | toward the front |
| posterior or dorsal | toward back |
| Medial | toward midline |
| lateral | away from midline |
| Bilateral | paired structures; on both side |
| Ipsilateral | same side |
| contralateral | opposite sides |
| Proximal | close to point of attachment to trunk |
| distal | father from point |
| Superficial | close to body surface |
| deep | more internal |
| Mid sagittal/median section | divides body into equal left and right portions |
| Parasagittal section | sagittal section lateral to midline; divides body into unequal left and right portions |
| Coronal or Frontal sections: | longitudinal cut that divides body into anterior and posterior portions |
| Oblique | Odd at angle cut |
| Head region | Cephalic |
| Face reigion | facial |
| Forehead region | frontal |
| Ears region | Otic |
| Chin region | mental |
| Cheek region | buccal |
| Eyes region | orbital |
| Shoulder point region | acromial |
| Whole chest region | thoracic |
| peck body region | Pectoral |
| around the areola area | Mammary |
| sternum region | Sternal |
| Abdomen region | abdominal |
| Naval region | umbilical |
| Hip | coxal |
| is at hip and leg attachment | Inguinal |
| Pelvic area | Pubic area |
| Neck region | Cervical |
| underarm region | Axillary |
| Upper arm region | Brachial |
| inner elbow (front) | c ANTEcubital |
| Wrist region | Carpal |
| Palm of hand | Palmar |
| Fingers | Digital |
| Upper leg region (femur area) | Femoral |
| Knee region | Patellar |
| Lower leg (shin) region | Crural |
| Ankle region | Tarsal |
| Toes | Digital |
| nose region | Nasal |
| Entire hand region | Manual |
| Taint area | Perineal |
| Entire foot region | Pedal |
| Base of skull | occipital |
| point of shoulder still (back of body) | Acromial |
| Spinal column region | vertebral |
| Back region | dorsal |
| elbow region | Cubital |
| between hips | Sacral |
| buttocks region | Gluteal |
| Lower back region | lumbar |
| back of knee region | Popliteal |
| calf region | Sural |
| heel region | Calcaneal |
| sole region | plantar |
| forearm region | antebrachial |
Created by:
Devtemrys
Popular Anatomy sets