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ABO (NOCE) Practice
Q&A Chapter 1 Anatomy & Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the approximate speed of light? | 186,000 miles per second |
| What is the exact speed of light? | 186, 282 miles per second |
| What layer makes up 90% of the Cornea? | The Stroma |
| About how thick is the Cornea at it's center? | 0.5 mm |
| About how many Cones does each Retina Contain | 6 million |
| About how many Rods does each Retina contain? | 120 million |
| What is the index of refraction for the Cornea? | 1.37 |
| What is the index of refraction for the Crystalline Lens? | 1.42 |
| What 3 layers comprise the Fibrous Tunic (Outer Layer) | The Sclera, Cornea, and Limbus |
| What 3 layers Comprise of the Vascular Tunic (Middle Layer) | The Iris, Ciliary body, and the Choroid |
| What does the Neural Layer consist of? (Inner Layer) | The Retina |
| What is Diplopia? | Double Vision |
| How many muscles move each eye? | 6 muscles |
| What is the term for a functional eye that for some reason becomes a non-seeing eye? | Amblyopia |
| A tendency of the eye deviating inwards | Esophoria |
| When the eye is always inward | Esotropia |
| When the diopter powers are greater than 2.00 diopters between the left and right eye | Anisometropia |
| When the powers in one eye are opposite of the other (I.E. OD = -2.00 OS =+1.00) | Antimetropia |
| The term for Nearsighted | Myopia |
| The term for Farsighted | Hyperopia |
| When both points of light come to focus behind the retina | Compound Hyperopic Astigmatism |
| When one point of light comes to focus on the retina and the other point of light comes to focus in front of the retina | Simple Myopic Astigmatism |
| When both points of light come to focus in front of the retina | Compound Myopic Astigmatism |
| When one point of light comes to focus on the retina and the other point of light comes to focus behind the retina | Simple Hyperopic Astigmatism |
| What does Konia mean? | Image |
| What does Iseikonia mean? | Same size images |
| What is the term for when the eyes focus inward to read? | Convergence |
| What chart is used to evaluate visual acuity at 20 feet or ocular infinity? | The Snellan Chart |
| What is the term for an eye without a crystalline lens or an eye with a crystalline lens that is unusable? | Aphakia |
| What is the name of the chart that checks for near visual acuity? Referred to as the J4 or J2 chart | The Jaeger Chart |
| The device to measure intraocular pressure | Tonometer |
| What is the Ishihara test? | Testing Color |
| What device is used to see the interior of the eye? | Ophthalmoscope |
| What device is used for visual acuity refinement by a series of trial lenses | The Phoropter |
| What is the term for having two differently colored eyes (irises) | Heterochromia |
| If a person has 20/200 or worse for vision, they are considered... | Legally Blind |
| What does NLP stand for? | No Light Perception |
| The refractive power of the average cornea is equal to about ______ diopters. | 43.00 |
| The refractive power of the average crystalline lens is about ______ diopters. | 17.00 |
| The _______ provides nutrients to the retina and other parts of the eye. | Choroid |
| The ______ provides protection and helps maintain the eye's shape. | Sclera |
| The ____ regulates the amount of light entering the eye by changing the size of the pupil. | Iris |
| The _____ _____ carries impulses from the retina to the brain. | Optic Nerve |
| What are the three spaces (or chambers) of the eye? | The Anterior chamber, Posterior Chamber and Vitreous Chamber (or Cavity) |
| The Cornea consists of ____ distinct layers. | Five |
| What is the first layer of the Cornea? | The Epithelium |
| What is the second layer of the Cornea? | Bowman's Membrane |
| What is the third layer of the Cornea? | The Stroma |
| What is the fourth layer of the Cornea? | Descemet's Membrane |
| What is the fifth layer of the Cornea? | The Endothelium |
| The optic nerve takes a route that includes a crossover area known as the _____ _______ | Optic Chiasma |
| The adjustment of the Crystalline Lens is called _____________ | Accomodation |
| The transparent lens located behind the iris and the pupil is called... | The Crystalline Lens |
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