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hyg191 2basicanatomy

cell structures, mitosis and molecules

TermDefinition
adenosine triphosphate compound of one molecule each of adenine and D-ribose with three molecules of phosphoric acid that is concerned with energy transformations in metabolism
anaphase stage of mitosis; chromosomes separate
autolysis process by which lysosomes break open within the cell, resulting in the self-digestion of the cell
autosome chromosomes without sex traits
centriole organelle involved with moving chromosomes during cell division
chromatin nucleic acid and protein substance that make up a chromosome
chromosome gene-containing filamentous structure in a cell nucleus
cisternae enclosed space
codon three adjacent nucleotides coding a specific amino acid
cytoplasm living substance of a cell
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) type of ribonucleic acid; considered the basic material of life and involved in the genetic code
endoplasmic reticulum a complex of tubes in a cell connecting inside to outside
enzyme organic catalyst; made in a cell
Golgi apparatus system of vacuoles in a cell
interphase first phase of cell division
lysosome an organelle containing digestive enzymes
meiosis special method of cell division, occuring during the development of sex cells (ova and sperm) in which the number of chromosomes is reduced
metaphase phase of mitosis; chromosomes line up in pairs
microfilament a slender rod-like structure in a cell
microtubule a slender hollow structure in a cell
mitochondria powerhouse of a cell; ATP storage
mitosis form of nuclear division characterized by complex chromosome movements and exact chromosome duplication
nucleolus an organelle in the nucleus that stores nucleic acid
nucleoplasm living substance in the nucleus
organelle tiny specific particle of living material present in most cells and serving a specific function in the cell
prophase phase of mitosis; nuclear membrane dissolves
protoplasm building material of all organisms
ribonucleic acid (RNA) single stranded nucleic acid chain
ribosome cellular organelle that produces protein
telophase final phase of mitosis
transcription transfer of information from the chromosome to the ribosome
translation process of directing the production of proteins using mRNA at the ribosome
nucleic acid one of a class of molecules composed of joined nucleotide complexes; the principal types are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)
carbohydrate organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that is used as the major energy source of the body
protein complex nitrogenous compound of high molecular weight
Created by: aucarlos
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