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Bio 2300 CNS
Anatomy of the brain, structures of the brain
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Neuron | the primary functional/structural unit of the nervous sytem |
| Define Nucleous | A collection of cell bodies in the CNS |
| Define Ganglion | A collection of cell bodies outside the CNS |
| Describe the structure of gray matter | Collection of NUCLEI in the CNS |
| Describe the structure of white matter | Collection of MYELINATED AXONS in the CNS |
| Association tracts | Connect inside a single hemisphere (neighbors associate) |
| Commissural tracts | Connect between both hemispheres (long distance COMMunication) |
| Projection tracts | Connect the higher brain to the brainstem |
| What is the Corpus Collosum | Large commissural tract that connects R and L hemispheres |
| What are the 5 lobes of the cerebrum | Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, brain stem |
| Primary functions of the frontal lobe | Personality, memory, motor cortex |
| Primary functions of the parietal lobe | Sensory cortex |
| Primary functions of the occipital lobe | Visual cortex |
| Primary functions of the temporal lobe | Auditory cortex |
| Primary functions of the brain stem | Autonomic fuctions (breathing, cardiac function, thermoregulation) |
| What is the difference between a Gyrus and a Sulcus | Gyrus = Ridges (G for Grow) Sulcus = Grooves (S for Sink) |
| Function of the Thalamus | Receives, groups, and relays sensory input, except smell |
| Function of the Hypothalamus | Command center for the endocrine system |
| Function of the Epithalamus | Regulates sleep/wake cycle |
| What is the Basal Nuclei | Paired, irregular masses of gray matter buried deep within the central white matter. Initiates movement. Parkinson's results from damage. |
| What is the function of the cerebellum | Maintains body posture,balance, and fine coordination. Initiates movement, but does not maintain it. |
| Function of the Midbrain | Relays visual and auditory information |
| Function of the Pons | Connects the brain and spinal cord. "Bridge" |
| Function of the Medulla | Controls autonomic functions such as breathing and cardiac function |
| Function of the Precentral Gyrus | Primary motor area (located in the frontal lobe) |
| Function of the Post-central Gyrus | Primary sensory area (located in the temporal lobe) |
| Function of the Upper Motor Neurom | Connects the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord |
| FilIum Terminale is an extension of what tissue | Pia matter |
| What is Conus Medullaris | The end of the spinal cord, located around L1/L2 |
| Location of gray matter in the BRAIN | Superficial |
| Location of white matter in the BRAIN | Deep |
| Location of gray matter in the SPINAL CORD | Deep |
| Location of white matter in the SPINAL CORD | Superficial |
| Define Upper Motor Neuron | From the cerebral cortex to the SPINAL cord |
| Define Lower Motor Neuron | From the Spinal Cord to the target muscles |
| What is the Cauda Equina | Collection of rootlets inferior to the Conus Medullaris |
| What is the Conus Medullaris and where is it located | Tip of the Spinal Cord around L1/L2 |
Created by:
Tardisbluu
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