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CMA Chapter 5

Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

TermDefinition
Active Transport Process that moves substances across a membrane and requires cellular energy.
Anatomic Position Standard reference position for the body
Axon Efferent process of a neuron
Chondrocyte Cartilage Cell
Collagenous Fibers Strong and Flexible connective tissue fibers that contain the protein collagen
Cutaneous Membrane A type of Epithelial membrane; Skin
Cytokinesis Division of the cell at the end of mitosis to form two separate daughter cells
Dendrites Treelike processes of a neuron; efferent processes
Diffusion Movement of a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
Elastic Fibers Yellow connective tissue fibers that are not particularly strong, but can be stretched and will return to their normal shape when released.
Erythrocytes Red Blood Cells
Fibroblast Connective tissue cell that produces fibers.
Histology Branch of microscopic anatomy that studies tissues.
Homeostasis A normal stable condition in which the body's internal environment remains the same; constant internal environment
Human Anatomy Study of the Human Body
Human Physiology Study of the functions of humans and their separate parts
Leukocytes White blood cells
Macrophage Large Phagocytic connective tissue cell that functions in the immune system`
Mast Cell A connective tissue cell that produces heparin and histamine
Meiosis Type of nuclear division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced to 1/2 the number found in a body cell
Meninges Connective tissue membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
Mitosis Process by which the nuclear of the body cell divides to form two new cells, each identical to the parent cell.
Mucous Membrane Epithelial membrane that lines body cavities that open directly to the exterior; secretes mucus
Negative Feedback Mechanism of the response in which a stimulus initiates reactions that reduce the stimulus.
Neuroglia Supporting cells of nervous tissue; Nerves glue.
Neuron Conducting cell of nervous tissue
Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selective permeable membrane
Osteocyte Mature bone cell
Passive transport Process that moves substances across a membrane and does not require cellular energy
Pericardium Membrane that surrounds the heart
Peritoneum Serous membrane associated with abdominopelvic cavity
Phagocytosis Condition of cell eating; a form of endocytosis
Pinocytosis Condition of cell drinking
Pleura Serous membrane that surrounds the lungs
Serous membrane Epithelial membrane that lines closed body cavities
Synovial Membrane Membrane that lines the cavities of freely movable joints
Thrombocyte Element of the blood that functions in the blood clotting; Platelet
Tissue Group of similar cells specialized to perform a certain function
Created by: joeybear144
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