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AUA Chapter 8
Appendix 1 Body Systems: Cardiovascular System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| angi/o | vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| arteri/o | artery |
| arteriol/o | arteriole |
| cardi/o | heart |
| coron/o | heart |
| phleb/o | vein |
| ven/o | vein |
| venul/o | venule |
| angioplasty | surgical repair of blood vessels |
| aortic stenosis | narrowing of the largest artery |
| arteriosclerosis | hardening of arteries |
| arteriolitis | inflammation of small arteries |
| cardiomyopathy | disease of heart muscle |
| pericardium | membrane surrounding the heart |
| coronary arteries | arteries of the heart |
| phlebotomy | incision of a vein |
| intravenous | pertaining to within a vein |
| venulitis | inflammation of small veins |
| aneurysm | widening of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall or breakdown of the wall |
| angina | chest pain caused by decrease blood flow to heart muscle |
| arrhythmia | abnormal heartbeat |
| atherosclerosis | hardening of arteries with a collection of cholesterol-like plaque |
| congestive heart failure | inability of the heart to pump its required amount of blood |
| hypertension | high blood pressure |
| myocardial infarction | heart attack |
| shock | group of signs and symptoms indicating poor oxygen supply to tissues and insufficient return of blood to the heart |
| angiography | recording blood vessels after the injection of contrast into the bloodstream |
| cardiac catheterization | introducing a catheter into a vein or artery to measure pressure and flow patterns of blood |
| cardiac enzyme test | measurements of enzymes released into the bloodstream after a heart attack |
| doppler ultrasound | measuring blood flow in vessels via sound waves |
| echocardiography | producing images of the heart via sound waves or echoes |
| electrocardiography | recording electricity flowing through the heart |
| holter monitoring | detection of abnormal heart rhythms that involves having a patient wear a compact version of an electrocardiograph for 24 hours |
| lipid test | measurements of cholesterol and triglycerides levels in the blood |
| lipoprotein tests | measurement of high density lipoprotein and low-level lipoprotein in the blood |
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | producing an image, by beaming magnetic waves at the heart, that gives detailed information about congenital heart disease, cardiac masses, and disease within large blood vessels |
| MUGA scan | imaging the motion of heart wall muscles and assessing the function of the heart via a multiple-gated acquisition scan, which uses radioactive chemicals |
| positron emission tomography (PET) scan | radioactive chemicals, which release radioactive particles, are injected into the bloodstream and travel to the heart. |
| stress test | an electrocardiogram plus blood pressure and heart rate measurements shows the heart's response to physical exertion (treadmill test) |
| technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scan | radioactive chemical is injected intravenously to show perfusion (flow) of blood in heart muscle. it show "hot spots" where there is a myocardial infarction |
| thallium-201 scan | radioactive test that shows were injected thallium-201 localized in heart muscle |
| cardiac catheter ablation | flexible tube is threaded through blood vessels into the heart to destroy (ablate) abnormal tissue that causes arrhythmias |
| cardioverson | brief discharge of electricity passing across the chest to stop a cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal rhythm) |
| coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) | vessels taken from the patient's legs or chest are connected to coronary arteries to make detours around blockages |
| endarterectomy | surgical removal of the innermost lining of an artery to remove fatty deposits and clots |
| heart transplantation | a donor heart is transferred to a recipient |
| percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) | a balloon-tipped catheter is threaded into a coronary artery to compress fatty deposits and open the artery ; also called balloon angioplasty |
| stents | expandable slotted tubes |
| thrombolytic therapy | drugs such as tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) and streptokinase are injected into a patient's bloodstream to dissolve clots that may cause a heart attack |
| ACS | Acute Coronary Syndrome |
| AED | Automated external defibrillator |
| AMI | Acute Myocardial Infarction |
| BP | blood pressure |
| CABG | Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |
| CAD | Coronary Artery Disease |
| CCU | Coronary Care Unit |
| CHF | Congestive Heart Failure |
| CPR | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
| ECG | Electrocardiography |
| ECHO | Echocardiography |
| HDL | High-density lipoprotein |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| ICD | Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator |
| LDL | Low-density lipoprotein |
| PCI | Percutaneous coronary intervention |
| Exacerbation | an acute increase in the severity of a problem, illness, or bad situation |
| Dyspnea | shortness of breath or difficulty breathing |
| Nitroglycerin | a substance used as a drug to treat certain heart conditions and to widen the openings in blood vessels |
| sublingual | under the tongue |
| hypo | below |
| hyper | above normal |
| brady | slow |
| tachy | fast |
Created by:
amcdoulett
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