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VITAL SIGNS

Introduction to Health Occupations

Question	Answer
VITAL SIGNS: Vital signs (VS) include:	1. T which stands for temperature.
Vital signs (VS) include:	2. P which stands for pulse.
Vital signs (VS) include:	3. R which stands for respirations.
Vital signs (VS) include:	4. BP which stands for blood pressure.
BODY TEMPERATURE: The rate (speed) at which the body utilizes (uses) energy is called:	metabolism.
A slower metabolism causes the body temperature (t) to:	decrease.
Metabolism means the rate (speed) at which the body:	utilizes (uses) energy.
A faster metabolism causes the body temperature (T) to:	increase.
Body temperature (T) decreases during the resting state of unconsciousness called:	sleep.
Body temperature (T) increases during physical exertion which means:	hard work.
Body temperature varies (differs) depending on:	a. The person.
Body temperature varies (differs) depending on:	b. Age.
Body temperature varies (differs) depending on:	c. Activity.
Body temperature varies (differs) depending on:	d. Time of day.
In the US, body temperature is commonly calibrated (measured) on a scale abbreviated F which stands for:	Fahrenheit.
In countries outside the US, body temperature is commonly calibrated (measured) on a scale abbreviated C which stands for:	Celsius also known as centigrade.
Celcius (C) to Fahrenheit (F):	multiply by 9, divide by 5, add 32.
Fahrenheit (F) to Celcius (C):	subtract 32, multiply by 5, divide by 9.
Body temperature (T) >98.6F but <100.4F is called:	low-grade pyrexia (fever)
Body temperature (T) >100.3F is called:	pyrexia (fever)
Body temperature (T) >104F is called:	hyperthermia.
Body temperature (T) >106F can quickly lead to:	convulsions (seizures) and death.
Body temperature (T) can be obtained (gotten):	1. PO which stands for by mouth (per os) aka orally.
Body temperature (T) can be obtained (gotten):	2. R which stands for rectally.
Body temperature (T) can be obtained (gotten):	3. A which stands for aurally. Aural (A) means ear(s).
Body temperature (T) can be obtained (gotten):	4. T which stands for temporally. Temporal (T) refers to the forehead.
Body temperature (T) can be obtained (gotten):	5. Ax which stands for axillary. Axillary (Ax) means axillae aka armpit(s).
Body temperature (T) documented (recorded) as 98.6R means:	the reading was obtained (acquired or gotten) rectally.
Body temperature (T) documented as 98.6A means:	the reading was obtained aurally (ears).
Body temperature (T) documented as 98.6T means:	the reading was obtained (acquired or gotten) temporally. Temporal refers to the forehead.
Body temperature documented (recorded) as 98.6Ax means:	the reading was obtained axillary. Axillary (Ax) means axilla(e) aka armpit(s).
Body temperature documented (recorded) as 98.6 followed by no sign means:	the reading was acquired PO which stands for by mouth (per os) aka orally.
An elevated body temperature (T) is called:	fever or pyrexia (pyrexic) or febrile.
Afebrile means:	No fever.
Pyrexia (fever) is a sign (Sx) of:	infection.
FUO stands for:	fever of unknown origin.
PUO stands for:	pyrexia of unknown origin.
Body temperature (T) is obtained on an instrument to measure heat called a:	thermometer.
TYPES OF THERMOMETERS Thermometer types include:	1. Those made from sand and soka lime called glass.
Thermometer types include:	2. Those that are discarded (trashed) called disposable.
Disposable thermometers are usually made of:	plastic or paper.
Thermometer types include:	3. Those powered by electricity called electronic.
Electronic thermometer displays are aka:	digital.
Thermometer types include:	4. Electronic devices that measure infrared energy emitted (released) from an eardrum called tympanic.
Thermometer types include:	5. Electronic devices that measure heat in a major artery of the forehead called temporal.
ORAL THERMOMETERS Oral thermometers are usually coded:	blue or green.
Before using an oral thermometer the HCP (health care provider) should don:	examination (exam) gloves.
An oral thermometer (instrument to measure heat) should be covered with a:	protective sleeve called a sheath.
An oral thermometer is placed in the posterior (back) sublingual pocket which means:	under the tongue (lingua)
After use, the oral thermometer sheath (protective sleeve or covering) and examination (exam) gloves are immediately discarded (disposed) in a:	biohazard bag.
Biohazard means the possibility of containing (having) disease creating microorganisms (microbes) called:	pathogens.
Microorganisms (microbes) are forms of life so small that they are:	invisible to the naked eye.
RECTAL THERMOMETERS Rectal thermometers are usually color coded:	red.
Before using a rectal thermometer, the HCP should:	don examination (exam) gloves.
A rectal thermometer should be covered with a protective sleeve called a:	sheath.
To reduce friction, a rectal thermometer sheath (protective sleeve) should be covered with a:	water soluble lubricant.
A common water soluble lubricant is called:	K-Y jelly.
For an adult, the rectal thermometer should be inserted approximately:	one (1) inch.
For an infant (<1 year of age) or small child, the rectal thermometer should be inserted approximately:	one half (1/2) inch.
After use, the rectal thermometer sheath and examination gloves are:	immediately discarded (disposed/trashed/thrown away) in a biohazard bag.
Biohazard means the possibility of containing (having) disease creating microorganisms (microbes) called:	pathogens.
GLASS THERMOMETERS Always examine a glass thermometer before use for any:	damage.
Be very careful with glass thermometers because they are:	breakable.
Before obtaining a temperature (T) with a glass thermometer, carefully shake the liquid inside below:	96.0F.
To obtain (acquire) an accurate (correct) oral temperature (T) a glass thermometer should be left in place for:	three (3) minutes.
Read (determine) the temperature on a glass thermometer by holding it at:	eye level.
The temperature (T) on a glass thermometer is read (determined) where the:	liquid ends.
Each long line on a glass thermometer represents:	one (1) degree.
Each short line on a glass thermometer represents:	0.2 aka two(2) tenths of a degree.
Sometimes an arrow on a glass thermometer points to:	98.6F
98.6F is considered:	normal body temperature (T).
After us, a glass thermometer is washed and rinsed with cool water and soaked in a disinfectant solution of:	70% isopropyl alcohol for a minimum of thirty (30) minutes.
70% isopropyl alcohol is aka:	rubbing alcohol.
ELECTRONIC THERMOMETERS The first thing a HCP should do before using an electronic thermometer is to:	read the instructions.
The part of an electronic thermometer that touches the client is called the:	probe.
The p robe should be covered with a:	sheath.
Sheath means:	protective sleeve.
TYMPANIC THERMOMETERS A tympanic thermometer measures the:	infrared energy emitted (released) from a tympanic membrane aka the eardrum
The first thing a HCP should do before using a tympanic thermometer is to:	read the instructions.
Most tympanic thermometers display body temperature in:	One (1) to two (2) seconds.
A tympanic thermometer measures the infrared energy emitted (released) from a:	tympanic membrane aka the eardrum.
The part of a tympanic thermometer that touches the client is called a:	probe.
TEMPORAL THERMOMETER A temporal thermometer measures heat in a major artery of the forehead called the:	temporal artery.
The first thing a HCP should do before using a temporal thermometer is to:	read the instructions.
Most temporal thermometers display the body temperature (T) in:	one (1) to two (2) seconds.
The area of the forehead scanned by a temporal thermometer should not be covered by:	hair or makeup.
Some temporal thermometer probes are placed on the center of the forehead and slowly passed straight toward the top of the ear:	keeping in contact with the skin.
Some temporal thermometer probes are held above the center of the:	forehead.
A temporal thermometer measures heat in a major artery of the forehead called the:	temporal artery.
ORAL THERMOMETER The normal oral (PO) temperature 9T) range for adolescents and adults is:	97.6F - 99.6F. Adolescents are ages 13-19.
Oral temperature is contraindicated (unwise) if the client has:	1. Eaten, drank or smoked in the previous 30 minutes.
Oral temperature is contraindicated (unwise) if the client:	2. Is under age 6.
Oral temperature is contraindicated (unwise) if the client:	3. Has sores in or around the oral cavity (mouth).
Oral temperature is contraindicated (unwise) if the client:	4. Has had recent surgery to the mouth, nose, face or neck.
Oral temperature is contraindicated (unwise) (inadvisable) if the client:	5. Breathes (ventilates) through their mouth.
Oral temperature is contraindicated (unwise) if the client is:	6. Receiving O2 therapy which stands for oxygen treatment.
Oral temperature is contraindicated (unwise) if the client:	7. Has a NG tube which stands for nasogastric tube.
Oral temperature is contraindicated (unwise) if the client:	8. Has a history (hx) of Sz which stands for seizures (epilepsy).
Oral temperature is contraindicated (unwise) if the client:	9. Disorientd which means confused.
Causes of disorientation include:	a. AD which stands for Alzheimer's disease.
Causes of disorientation include:	b. Drugs under/or ETOH which stands for alcohol (ethanol).
Causes of disorientation include:	c. TBI which stands for traumatic brain injury.
Causes of disorientation include:	d. ID which stands for intellectual disability.
Causes of disorientation include:	e. Psychopathy which means disease condition of the mind.
RECTAL THERMOMETER A rectal thermometer (T) is considered the most accurate because it measures the body's:	core (inside) temperature.
The normal rectal temperature (T) range for adolescents (13-19) and adults is:	98.6F to 100.6F.
A rectal temperature (T) is obtained by assisting an adult into the:	Sim's position.
The Sim's position means placing an adult on their:	left (L) side with their left (L) leg slightly bent and right (R) leg sharply bent and their left (L) arm behind them.
A rectal temperature (T) is obtained by:	positioning (placing) an infant (>1 year of age) on their back or abdomen.
When obtaining (acquiring) a rectal temperature (T) never:	let go of the thermometer.
When obtaining (acquiring) a rectal temperature (T):	always respect the client's privacy by keeping the client covered and pulling the curtains closed and closing the door.
Biohazard means:	the possibility of containing (having) disease creating microorganisms (microbes) called pathogens.
After the rectal temperature is obtained, the thermometer sheath and examination (exam) gloves should be immediately discarded in a:	biohazard bag.
A rectal temperature (T) is contraindicated when the client has:	1. Swollen veins of the anal region called hemorrhoids aka piles.
A rectal temperature (T) is contraindicated when the client has:	2. Had surgery on the rectum.
A rectal temperature (T) is contraindicated when the client has:	3. Loose watery stools called diarrhea.
A rectal temperature (T) is contraindicated when the client has:	4. Cardiac (heart) pathology because the rectal thermometer can stimulate a vasovagal response causing a decreased CO which stands for cardiac output.
AURAL TEMPERATURE An aural (ear) temperature is aka as a:	tympanic (eardrum), (tympanic membrane) temperature.
An aural (tympanic) temperature is performed on an infant by:	positioning them supine (lying flat on their back) with their head turned for easy access to the ear.
An aural (tympanic) temperature is performed on small children by:	positioning them on their parent's lap with their head against the parent's chest for support. Adults can sit or lie flat.
A tympanic thermometer should be held in your right (R) hand when obtaining (acquiring) a temperature in the:	right (R) ear.
A tympanic thermometer should be held in your left (L) hand when obtaining (acquiring) a temperature in the:	left (L) ear.
When inserting the probe of a tympanic thermometer with your right (R) hand:	use your left (L) hand to pull an adult's pinna (cartilaginous projection of an external ear aka an auricle) up and out.
When inserting the probe of a tympanic thermometer, pull an infant's pinna:	straight back.
When inserting the probe of a tympanic thermometer, pull a child's pinna:	down and back.
Positioning a pinna (auricle) correctly straightens the auditory (ear) canal so the tympanic (aural) thermometer probe:	will point directly at the eardrum aka tympanic membrane.
Insert the probe of a tympanic thermometer far enough to:	seal the external auditory (ear) canal.
The probe is the part of a tympanic thermometer that:	touches the client
An aural (tympanic) temperature (T) will display (show) in:	one (1) to two (2) seconds.
The aural temperature reading will remain on the display screen until the:	probe cover is removed.
The probe cover (protective sleeve aka a sheath) on a tympanic thermometer is removed by:	pressing the eject button
If an aural (tympanic) temperature is low or does not appear accurate (correct) you should:	change the probe cover and repeat the procedure in the opposite ear for comparison.
An aural (tympanic) temperature (T) is contraindicated (inadvisable) when the client:	1. Complains of otalgia which means ear pain.
An aural (tympanic) temperature (T) is contraindicated (inadvisable) when the client:	2. Exhibits (displays) otorrhea which means flow or discharge from an ear canal.
PULSE Pulse (P) or throbbing of the arteries is caused by the:	contractions of the heart.
Pulse (P) is obtained by:	palpation which means feeling.
When palpating (feeling) a pulse (P), the HCP should use:	the tips of their first two (2) or three (3) fingers.
A pulse should never be palpated with your:	thumb.
When a pulse (P) is palpated (felt), the health care provider (HCP) should count the pulse (P) for:	thirty (30) seconds.
The number of pulses (P) palpated (felt) in thirty (30) seconds is then:	doubled.
An irregular pulse (P) should be counted for:	one (1) minute.
A weak pulse (P) is called:	thready or feeble.
A strong pulse (P) is called:	bounding.
Pulses (arteries) palpated on either side of the Adam's apple are called:	carotid pulses.
Carotid pulses (arteries) are usually palpated (felt) during an:	emergency.
Pulses (arteries) palpated at the creases of the elbows are called:	brachial pulses.
Pulse (P) or throbbing of the arteries is caused by:	the contractions of the heart.
Pulses (arteries) palpated (felt) at the lateral (side) aspect (part) of the wrists on the thumb side are called:	radial pulses.
Radial pulses (arteries) are the most commonly:	palpated (felt) pulses.
Pulses (arteries) palpated (felt) at the medial (middle) aspect (part) of the superior (upper) thighs are called:	femoral pulses.
Pulses (arteries) palpated (felt) posterior (behind) to the patella (knee caps) are called:	popliteal pulses.
Pulses (arteries) palpated (felt) at the dorsal (top) surface of each foot adjacent (next to) to the extensor tendon of each great (big) toe are called:	dorsalis pedis pulses.
Pulses (arteries) palpated (felt) at the medial (middle) aspect (part) of each ankle posterior to (behind) each medial malleolus are called:	posterior tibial pulses.
The pulse (P) rate (frequency) is measured as the number of bpm which stands for:	beats per minute.
The normal pulse (P) range for adolescents (13-19 years) and adults is:	60-100 beats per minute (bpm).
A slow pulse is called:	bradycardia (bradycardic).
A fast (rapid) pulse is called:	tachycardia (tachycardic).
An irregular pulse is counted for	one (1) minute.
RESPIRATIONS One (1) respiration (R) consists of (contains):	one (1) inspiration aka inhalation and one (1) expiration aka exhalation.
Respirations should be counted in such a way that the client is:	unaware of the procedure.
Respirations are counted by leaving your fingers on the client's pulse after counting it and watching their:	thorax (chest) rise and fall.
Another method of counting respirations is to hold the client's wrist against their thorax (chest) while palpating (feeling) a radial pulse in order to palpate (feel) their:	thorax rising and falling.
If you cannot see or palpate (feel) the thorax (chest) rise and fall, ask the client for permission to listen to their heart with a:	stethoscope. A stethoscope is an instrument for auscultation which means listening.
Even though you asked permission to auscultate (listen with a stethoscope) the client's heart, you are actually counting their:	respirations (R)
Respiratory rate (frequency) is measured as the number of rpm which stands for:	respirations per minute.
The normal respiratory range for adolescents (13-19) and adults is:	12-18 respirations per minute (rpm)
Respirations should be counted for	thirty (30) seconds.
The number of respirations counted in thirty (30) seconds is then:	doubled.
Difficult or painful breathing is called:	dyspnea (dyspneic).
Dyspnea is abbreviated SOB which stands for:	short of breath.
Slow breathing is called:	bradypnea or hypopnea.
Fast (rapid) breathing is called:	tachypnea or hyperpnea.
No breathing is called:	apnea (apneic)
Easier breathing in an upright (straight) position is called:	orthopnea (orthopneic).
The part of a stethoscope most commonly used for auscultation (listening) is called the:	diaphragm.
The opposite side of a stethoscope diaphragm is called the:	bell.
The tips of the stethoscope earpieces should face:	forward.
The earpieces of a stethoscope should fit snugly but should not cause:	pain.
The stethoscope earpieces and diaphragm should be cleaned before and after every use with:	70% isopropyl alcohol aka rubbing alcohol.
A stethoscope is an instrument for auscultation which means:	listening.
The longer stethoscopes work well and are easily stored around your neck so you can look:	cool.
APICAL PULSE: An apical pulse (AP) is obtained by placing a stethoscope diaphragm just inferior (below) to the:	left (L) mammary papilla aka a nipple.
An apical pulse (AP) is obtained (acquired), (gotten) by:	auscultation (listening with a stethoscope).
It is easier to count the apical pulse (AP) of an infant because their pulse (P) rate (frequency) is so:	rapid (fast).
An infant is a child:	<(less than) one (1) year old.
Eavh "lubb-dupp" of an apical pulse (AP) is counted as:	one (1) heartbeat.
An apical pulse (AP) higher that other pulse sites is called a:	pulse deficit.
BLOOD PRESSURE Blood pressure (B) is the force exerted (applied or put) on the walls of the:	arteries.
Hypertension (HTN) means HBP which stands for:	high blood pressure (HBP)
Hypotension means LBP which stands for:	low blood pressure.
Blood pressure is documented (recorded) as a fraction, e.g.	120/80
Pressure exerted (applied) on the arterial walls during cardiac contraction is called:	systole (systolic).
The top number of a blood pressure (BP) is abbreviated SBP which stands for:	systolic blood pressure.
Pressure exerted (applied) on the arterial walls during cardiac relaxation is called:	diastole (diastolic).
The bottom number of a blood pressure (BP) is abbreviated DBP which stands for:	diastolic blood pressure.
Blood pressure (BP) is measured in mmHg which stands for:	millimeters of mercury (Hg).
Blood pressure is measured on an instrument called a:	sphygmomanometer aka "sphygmo".
Types of sphygmomanometer include:	mercurial and aneroid sphygmomanometers.
Each line on a sphygmomanometer gauge represents:	two (2) millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
The normal systolic blood pressure (SBP) range for adults is:	<120 mmHg.
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120-139 mmHg for adults is called:	prehypertension.
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) is the force exerted (applied) on the arterial walls during:	cardiac contraction.
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 140-159 for adults is called:	Hypertension (HTN) stage I.
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) >160 mmHg for adults is called:	Hypertension (HTN) stage 2.
The normal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) range for adults is:	<80 mmHg. <means less than
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 80-89 for adults is called:	prehypertension.
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is the force exerted (applied) on the arterial walls during:	cardiac relaxation.
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 90-99 mmHg for adults is called:	hypertension (HTN) stage 1.
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of >100 mg for adults is called:	hypertension (HTN) stage 2
Sudden decrease in blood pressure (BP) when an individual sits up straight or stands up straight is called:	orthostatic hypotension or postural hypotension.
Hypotension means LBP which stands for:	low blood pressure.
Orthostatic vital signs (VS) refer to obtaining a pulse (P) and blood pressure (BP) with the client:	lying down and sitting and standing.
Orthostatic vital signs (VS) refer to obtaining (acquiring) a pulse (P) and blood pressure 9BP) with the client:	lying down and sitting and standing.
Orthostatic vital signs (VS) are documented (recorded) with an arrow sideways if the client is:	lying down (eg 11/78---).
Orthostatic vital signs are documented with an arrow up if the client is:	standing (e.g. 104/70 ).
Orthostatic vital signs are documented with no arrow if the client:	is sitting. 144/92
Before obtaining a blood pressure (BP), have the client rest for:	15 minutes.
The chosen arm for measurement of a blood pressure should be free of:	constrictive clothing.
The sphygmomanometer cuff should cover:	3/4 of a superior (upper) arm.
The sphygmomanometer cuff should be placed one (1) inch above:	antecubital space.
Antecubital spaces ae located a the crease of the:	elbows.
An arrow on the sphygmomanometer cuff should be placed over a:	brachial artery.
Brachial arteries can be palpated at the:	antecubital spaces
Palpated means:	felt
After placing the sphygmomanometer cuff correctly on a superior arm, palpate the:	radial artery.
Close the valve on the bulb and inflate the sphygmomanometer cuff until the radial pulse is no longer:	palpable (felt)
Remember:	righty tighty, lefty loosey.
The point where the radial pulse is no longer felt is called the palpatory SBP which stands for:	systolic blood pressure.
Deflate the sphygmomanometer cuff completely and ask the client to raise the arm and flex the fingers for 30-60 seconds to:	promote blood flow.
Now palpate:	the brachial artery.
Brachial pulses can be palpated (felt) at the:	antecubital spaces.
Place the stethoscope diaphragm over the brachial artery and hold securely with:	light pressure.
Next inflate the sphygmomanometer cuff 30 mmHg above the palpatory systolic blood pressure and slowly release the pressure at:	2-3 mmHg per second.
The first sound should be heard near the palpatory SBP.	The first sound represents the systolic blood pressure.
Systolic blood pressure is the:	force exerted (applied) on the arterial walls during cardiac contraction.
The sound will resemble:	tapping.
You will listen until the tapping sound:	is no longer heard.
Where the tapping sound stops represents the DBP which stands for:	diastolic blood pressure.
As you auscultate (listen) to the tapping sound, the needle of the aneroid sphygmomanometer or the mercury of the mercurial sphygmomanometer will:	bounce in unison with the tapping sounds.
If you should hear the tapping sound all the way to zero, record the number where the tapping sound changed and zero	eg 128/78/0
The American Heart Association (AHA) suggests acquiring (obtaining) a blood pressure (BP) from:	both arms if possible.
Blood pressure is slightly more accurate (correct) in the:	left (L) arm if possible.
Blood pressure is the force exerted on the walls of the:	arteries.
Obtaining a blood pressure is contraindicated (inadvisable) in an arm:	1. With wound or injury called trauma.
Obtaining a blood pressure is contraindicated (inadvisable) in an arm:	2. With an IV which stands for intravenous.
Obtaining a blood pressure is contraindicated (inadvisable) in an arm:	3. On the same side as a mastectomy which means surgical removal of (excision) a breast
A portable electronic device that automatically diagnoses life threatening cardiac arrhythmias and treats them with defibrillation is abbreviated AED which stands or:	automated external defibrillator.
METRIC SYSTEM The amount of space a liquid occupies (fills) is abbreviated vol which stands for:	volume.
L and {l} stand for:	liter.
Liter (L and {l} is a measurement of:	volume (vol)
1 liter (L) = 1000 ml which stands for:	milliliters.
milli means 1/1000 which is:	1 part of 1000 parts.
A milliliter (mL) is the:	amount of liquid that occupies (fills) a {cc} which stands for cubic centimeter.
The heaviness of a substance is abbreviated WT which stands for:	weigh.
g {gm or Gm} stands for:	gram
Gram (g) is a measurement of:	weight (WT).
1 gram (g) = equals:	1000 mg which stands for milligrams.
Weight is the heaviness of a:	substance.
mg stands for:	milligram.
Milligram (mg) is a measurement ofL	weight (WT)
1 milligram (mg) = (equals) 1000 mcg which stands for:	micrograms (mcg or {ug}).
Microgram (mcg or ug) is a measurement of:	weight (WT)
1 gram equals:	1000 mg. (milligrams)
1 milligram (mg) equals	1000 mcg (micrograms)
1 gram (g equals:	1,000.000 micrograms (mcg).
kg stands forL	kilogram.
Kilogram (kg) is a measurement of:	weight.
1 kilogram (kg) = equals	1000 grams (g).
Kilo means:	one thousand.
M or m stands for:	meter.
Meter (M or m) is a measurement of:	length.
1 meter (M or m) =	1000 millimeters (mm).
METRIC CONVERSIONS To convert change) liters (L) to milliliters (mL):	move the decimal three (3 places to the right (R).
To convert (change) grams (g) to milligrams (mg):	move the decimal three (3) places to the right.
To convert (change) meters (M or m) to millimeters (mm)	move the decimal three (3) places to the right.
To convert milliliters (mL) to liters (L):	move the decimal three (3) places to the left (L).`
To convert milligrams (mg) to grams (g):	move the decimal three (3) places to the left (L).
To convert millimeters (mm) to meters (M or m)	move the decimal three (30 places to the left (L)
APOTHECARY SYSTEM i stands for:	one (1).
ii stands for:	two (2).
iii stands for:	three (3)
iv stands for:	four (4)
v stands for:	five (5).
x stands for:	ten (Roman numeral) or times eg 2 x 2).
tsp stands for	teaspoon.
Teaspoon is a measurement of:	volume (vol).
Volume is the amount of space a:	liquid occupies (fills)
One teaspoon =	five milliliters (mL)
A milliliter (mL) is the amount of liquid that occupies a {cc} which stands for:	cubic centimeter.
Tbsp stands for	tablespoon
Tablespoon (Tbsp) is a measurement of:	volume
One tablespoon =	15 mL
One teaspoon =	5 mL
How many teaspoons are there in one tablespoon	three (3)
Fl oz stands for:	fluid ounce.
Fluid ounce (fl. oz.) is a measurement of:	volume (vol).
One fl. oz =	30 mL.
One Tbsp =	15 mL.
One drinking glass =	8 fl. oz or one cup.
One fl. oz =	30 mL.
How many mL are in one cup=	30 x 8 = 240
gal stands for:	gallon.
Gallon is a measurement of:	volume.
1 gallon =	128 fl. ozs or 3.78 liters.
gr stands for:	grain
Grain (gr0 is a measurement of:	weight.
One (1) grain (gr) =:	sixty (60) milligrams (mg)
Milligram (mg) means:	1/1000 of a gram.
oz stands for:	ounce.
lb stands for:	pounds
Ounces and pounds are measurements of:	weight.
1 pound (lb) =	16 ozs.
2.2 pounds (lb) =	1 kilogram (measuring body weight)/.
Dosage (amount) of medications is routinely based on the client's weight (WT) measured in kg which stands for:	kilograms.
1 kilogram (kg)=	1000 grams (g) = 2.2 pounds (lb).
A quick approximate conversion from pounds (lb) to kilograms (kg) can be achieved by:	halving the client's weight (WT). A client weighting 100 lbs would weight approximately 50 kilograms
1 kilogram (kg) =	2.2 pounds (lb).
The exact conversion from pounds (lb) to kilogram (kg) occurs by:	dividing the client's weight in pounds (lb) by 2.2.
100 pounds (lb) divided by 2.2	= 45.5 kilograms (kg.
cm stands for:	centimeter.
Centimeter (cm) is a measurement of:	length.
1 inch (in) =:	2.54 centimeters (cm).
MILITARY TIME: Military time designates (chooses) a number for:	each hour of the day.
0100 =	1:00 o'clock a.m. (ante meridiem)
0200 =	2:00 o'clock a.m. (ante meridiem)
0300 =	3:00 o'clock a.m. (ante meridiem)
0400 =	4:00 o'clock a.m. (ante meridiem).
0500 =	5:00 o'clock a.m. (ante meridiem).
0600=	6:00 o'clock a.m. (ante meridiem).
1200 (twelve hundred) =	12:00 o'clock a.m. (ante meridiem) aka noon
1300 (thirteen hundred) =	1:00 o'clock p.m. (post meridiem)
2400 (twenty four hundred =	12:00 oclock p.m. (post meridiem) aka midnight.
1 minute after midnight is:	0001
1 minutes before 0100 =	0059
1330 plus 40 minutes	1410 = 1330 + 40 = 1370 = 1410
2055 plus 45 minutes is	2140
This class begins at 1300	1 pm
This class ends at 1610	= 4:10 pm.

Created by: bterrelonge

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