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Final Exam D1
Anat Final Exam D1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The term central nervous system refers to the: | Brain and spinal cord |
| The major role of the interneuron is to: | Connect motor and sensory neurons in their pathways |
| White matters refers to myelinated fibers in the: | CNS |
| Which of the following is the correct sequence in a typical reflex arc: | Receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron effector |
| Muscles and glands are: | Effectors |
| Which type of reflex involves skeletal muscles: | Somatic |
| The elevated ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are known as ______ while the shallow grooves are termed ______. | Ganglia; gyri |
| Sally has a brain injury; she knows what she wants to say but can't vocalize the words. The part of her brain that deals with the ability to speak is the: | Broca's area |
| Which lobe contains the primary motor area and enables voluntary control of skeletal muscle movements: | Frontal lobe |
| Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst are functions associated with the: | Hypothalamus |
| Loss of muscle coordination results from damage to the: | Cerebellum |
| The function of the olfactory nerve concerns: | Smell |
| Matching of systems | |
| Structural nervous system subdivision that consists of the brain and spinal cord | Central Nervous System (CNS) |
| Functional nervous system subdivision that carries information toward the central nervous system from receptors | Sensory (afferent) Division |
| Structural nervous system subdivision that consists of spinal nerves and cranial nerves | Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) |
| Subdivision of the motor division responsible for controlling involuntary events | Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) |
| Functional nervous system division that carries information from the central nervous system toward effectors | Motor (efferent) Division |
| The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the: | Brain stem |
| The area of the brain stem that plays a role in consciousness ans the awake/sleep cycles is the: | Reticular Activating System (RAS) |
| Control of temperature, endocrine activity, metabolism, and thirst are functions associated with the: | Hypothalamus |
| The vital centers for the control of visceral activities such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and vomiting are located in the: | Medulla oblongata |
| Loss of muscle coordination results from damage to the: | Cerebellum |
| The blood-brain barrier is effective against the passage of: | Metabolic waste such as urea |
| The gray matter of the spinal cord: | Surrounds the central canal |
| The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the: | Autonomic Nervous System |
| Which one of these effectors is NOT directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system: | Skeletal muscle |
| Preparing the body for the "fight or flight" response during threatening situations is the role of the: | Sympathetic Nervous System |
| The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the: | Parasympathetic Nervous System |
| Which subdivision of the following statements about aging is most accurate: | Despite some neuronal loss, an unlimited number of neural pathways are available and ready to be developed; therefore, additional learning can occur throughout life |
| Which of the following brain dysfunctions is also known as a stroke: | Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) |
| Which of the following effects is characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system: | Decreases heart rate |
| The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially the opposite of the: | Parasympathetic Nervous System |
| Lacrimal glands are located on which surface of the eye: | Lateral |
| Tough, white connective tissue forms this portion of the fibrous layer of the eye: | Sclera |
| The glans that produces tears in the eyes is called the: | Lacrimal gland |
| Which layer of the eye contains rods and cones: | Retina |
| The pupil is an opening within the: | Iris |
| Which region of the retina contains only cones and is the sharpest area of visual acuity: | Fovea centralis |
| The transparent central anterior portion of the sclera through which light enters the eye is called the: | Cornea |
| The middle coat of the eyeball that contains pigment which prevents light from scattering in the eyeball is the: | Coroid |
| The pigmented portion of the eye that has a rounded opening through which light passes is the: | Iris |
| The three sets of color receptors within the retina are sensitive to wave lengths of visible light that are: | Blue, green, and red |
| Which area of the retina lacks rods and cones and therefore does not detect images: | Optic disc |
| The gel-like substance that reinforces the eyeball and prevents it from collapsing inward is the: | Vitreous humor |
| What structure of the eye focuses light on the retina: | Lens |
| The inability to see distant objects is termed "nearsighted" or: | Myopia |
| Which one of the following correctly lists the order of the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye: | Cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor |
| Which of the following is NOT associated with the middle ear: | Auricle |
| Sound waves entering the external auditory canal hit the eardrum, also known as the: | Tympanic membrane |
| Hair cells that function as hearing receptors are located within the: | Spinal organ of Corti |
| The pathway of vibrations through the ossicles from the tympanic membrane, or eardrum, to the oval window is: | Malleus, incus, stapes |
| Equilibrium receptors are located in the: | Inner ear |
| An ear infection following an illness such as a cold can pass from the throat through the auditory tube to the: | Middle ear |
| The auditory ossicle called the "anvil" is also called the: | Incus |
| Our sense of static equilibrium is created by the: | Movement of otoliths along the hair cells |
| Dynamic equilibrium receptors are found in the: | Semicircular canals |
| Hearing receptors within the spiral organ of Corti are called: | Hair cells |
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