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muscles
eastham
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| muscles cells | muscle fibers |
| buttocks | gluteus maximus |
| chest muscle | pectoral muscle |
| anterior thigh muscle | quadriceps femoris |
| posterior thigh muscle | hamstrings |
| back muscle | latissimus dorsal |
| muscle responsible for smiling | zygomaticus |
| muscle responsible for sneering | levator labil superioris |
| muscle responsible for frowning | depressor anguli oris |
| closes the eyelids | orbicularis ocull |
| puckers the mouth | orbicularis oris |
| flattens the cheeks | buccinator |
| changes the shape of the tongue | intrinsic tongue muscles |
| moves the tongue | extrinsic tongue muscles |
| adenosine triphosphate | ATP |
| the ability for the muscle to respond to a stimulus | excitability |
| ability for the muscle to contract | contractility |
| the ability for the muscle to recoil to it's original length | elasticity |
| the ability for the muscle to extend | extendibility |
| the connective tissue sheath that is directly upon the whole muscle | epimysium |
| Surrounded by loose connective tissue | Perimysium |
| Each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | Endomysium |
| Actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units | Sarcomeres |
| The charge difference across the membrane | Resting membrane potential |
| The brief reversal back of the charge | Action potential |
| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to each skeletal fiber | Motor neurons |
| A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers innverates | Motor unit |
| The enlarged nerve terminal | Presynaptic terminalthe |
| The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell is the | Synaptic cleft |
| Each presynaptic terminal contains synaptic vesicles that secrete a neurotransmitter | Acetylcholine |
| The acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft between between the neuron and muscle fell is rapidly broken down by enzymes | Acetylcholinesterase |
| The sliding of a tin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction | Sliding filament mechanism |
| A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers | Muscle twitch |
| A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level | Threshold |
| The time between the application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | Lag phase |
| The time of contraction | Contraction phase |
| Muscle relaxes | Relaxation phase |
| The muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany |
| The increase in number of motor units being activated | Recruitment |
| Adenosine diphosphate | ADP |
| When at rest they can’t stockpile ATP but they can store high-energy molecule | Creative phosphate |
| Without oxygen | Anaerobic respiration |
| With oxygen | Aerobic respiration |
| The amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate in muscle cells | Oxygen debt |
| ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells | Muscle fatigue |
| The length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process | Isometric |
| The amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of the muscle change | Isotonic |
| Constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long period of times | Muscle tone |
| Contract quickly and fatigue quickly | Fast-twitch fibers |
| Contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue | Slow-twitch fibers |
| Muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements | Synergists |
| Muscles that work in opposition to one another | Anatagonists |
| Raises the eyebrows | Occipitofrontalis |
| Neck muscle | Sternocleidomastoid |
| Trunk muscle | Erector spinae |
| Muscles that move the thorax | Thoracic muscles |
| Flex and rotate the vertebral column, compress the abdominal cavity, and hold in the abdominal viscera | Abdominal wall muscles |
| Tendinous area of the abdominal wall, consists of white connective tissue rather than muscle | Linea Alba |
| On each side of the linea alba | Rectus abdominis |
| Cross the rectus abdominis at 3 or more locations, causing the abdominal wall of a well-muscled person to appear segmented | Tendinous inscription |
| Rotates scapula | Trapezius |
| Pulls the scapula anteriorly | Serratus anterior |
| Adducts and flexes the arm | Pectoralis major |
| “Swimmer muscles” | Latissimus dorsi |
| Attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle, and is the major abductor of the upper limb | Deltoid |
| Extends the forearm | Triceps brachii |
| Flexes the forearm | Biceps brachii |
| Flexes forearm | Brachialis |
| Flexescand supinates the forearm | Brachioradialis |
| Strong band of fibrous connective tissue | Retinaculum |
| Flexes the wrist | Flexor carpi |
| Extends the wrist | Extensor carpi |
| Flexes the fingers | Flexor digitorum |
| Extends the fingers | Extensor digitorum |
| 19 hand muscles | Intrinisic hand muscle |
| Extends the legs | Quadriceps femoris |
| Flexes the thigh | Sartorius |
| Form the calf muscles | Gastrocnemius and soleus |
| Flexes the foot and toes | Calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) |
| The lateral muscles of the leg | Peroneus |
| 20 muscles located within the foot | Intrinsic foot |
Created by:
knharri2
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