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Chapter 12
The Endocrine System
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Characteristics of the nervous system | Controls rapid response, uses both chemical and electrical stimulus |
Characteristics of the endocrine system | Used to regulate growth, used chemical stimuli only |
A rector is | Where the hormone attaches |
A target tissue is | a specific tissue acted on by each hormone |
A hormone is a | Chemical messenger that have specific regulatory effects on certain cells or organs |
One of the tiny glands located behind the thyroid glad | Parathyroid |
The largest of the endocrine glands, located in the neck | Thyroid |
The gland in the brain that is regulated by light | Pineal |
An organ that contains islets | Pancreas |
The endocrine gland composed of a cortex and medulla, each with specific functions | Adrenal |
The anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates milk synthesis | Prolactin |
The main hormone of the adrenal medulla that, among other actions, raises blood pressure and increases the heart rate | Epinephrine |
The anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex | ACTH |
A hormone produced by the ovaries | Estrogen |
The hormone from the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium and potassium re absorption in the kidney tubules | Aldosterone |
A gonadotropic hormone | FSH follicle- stimulating hormone |
A hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus | Anti-duretic hormone |
A hormone that raises the blood calcium level | Parathyroid hormone |
A hormone that lowers the blood glucose | Insulin |
A pancreatic hormone that raises the blood glucose level | Glucagon |
An adrenal hormone the raises the blood glucose level | Cortisol |
A hormone that promotes T-cell development | Thymosin |
Anterior Pituitary | Releases hormones under the regulation of hypothalamic releasing hormones |
Posterior Pituitary | Consists of neural tissue, Secretes hormones synthesized in the hypothalamus |
Any enlargement of the thyroid gland | Goiter |
A disease in which insulin function is abnormally low | Diabetes mellitus |
A form of hyperthyroidism | Graves disease |
A form of hypothyroidism in adults | Myxedema |
A disease resulting from adrenal cortex hypoactivity | Addison disease |
Low blood sugar | Hypoglycemia |
trop/o | acting on, influencing |
Cortic/o | Cortex |
-poiesis | making, forming |
natri | sodium |
andr/o | male |
megaly | enlargement |
ren/o | kidney |
acro/o | end, extremity |
oxy | sharp, acute |
nephr/o | kidney |