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Lecture Test 1
Helps to study the structures of the human body
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The type of epithelium found in the testes that consists of multiple layers of cube shaped cells are called _____________________ | Stratified cuboidal epithelium |
| Stratum _________________ is a layer of the epidermis that may or may not be present, depending on the thickness of the skin. The cells here have no visible organelles, so the zone is relatively featureless and transparent | Lucidum |
| It takes three _____________ in a DNA molecule to code for an amino acid | Nucleotide |
| ___________________ are flat melanized patches of skin that vary with heredity and exposure to sun | Freckles |
| _________________ is movement of the feet di that the soles are turned away from one another | Eversion |
| The scrotum (which is found near the inferior end of the spine) would fall under the category of which of the following bone types | Irregular |
| A ________________ plane divides the body into left and right portions | Sagittal |
| Cells that are ______________________ (such as those of skeletal muscle) are long, slender, and thread-like | Fibrous |
| A(n) ____________________ is a structure that performs a specific function within a cell. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is an example of such a structure | Organelle |
| The layer of connective tissue on the inside of the diaphysis of a long bone is called the _____________________ | Endosteum |
| The ______________________ system is used for internal communication and coordination; it includes organs such as the pituitary gland and thyroid gland | Endocrine |
| ___________________ are bone cells that dissolve bone tissue on the bone surface | Osteoclasts |
| A ______________ is a junction between two cells that mechanically links the cells together, so that they're not easily pulled apart from one another | Desmosome |
| Growth due to cell multiplication (rather than the enlargement of existing cells) is called | Hyperplasia |
| __________________ is the major producer of blood cells, including most cells of the immune system | Red bone marrow |
| _____________ are granules composed of ribosomal RNA and enzymes that read sequences of messenger RNA to assemble sequences of amino acids to make proteins. They may be found alone or within rough endoplasmic reticulum | Ribosomes |
| _______________ is the production of new cells that are just like the odd cells, for growth or tissue repair | Mitosis |
| In the tissue of the lungs, you may find a single layer of flat cells that allows for rapid movement of oxygen from one side of a membrane to the other. Such tissue would be called___________________ | Simple Squamous |
| DNA is important in human anatomy because it codes for the way amino acids are put together to make _______________, which are important in structures like hair muscle, and collagen | Proteins |
| ___________________ are cells that produce keratin | Keratinocytes |
| _________________ is found in place like the external ear, where structures need to be very flexible but should also return to their regular shape | Elastic Cartilage |
| ________________ is a reddish yellow pigment that accumulates in the keratinocytes of the stratum basale and stratum spinosum | Pheomelanin |
| Some proteins in the membrane of a cell can connect to the proteins of a neighboring cell, allowing the two cells to stick together. These are called__________________ | Cell adhesion molecules |
| A(n) ________________ is a massive process unique to the femur | Trochanter |
| _________________ are cells in connective tissue that secrete heparine or histamine to influence blood flow | Mast cells |
| _______________ glands are considered holocrine glands because their secretion consists of broken down cells that are replaced by mitosis | Sebaceous |
| _______________ is the general term for the loss of bone | Osteopenia |
| A ______________ degree burn involves damage to all of the layers of the epidermis and dermis. it may require skin grafts, but the person may feel no pain | Third |
| The _____________________ is the portion of the fingernail in which cell division takes place, allowing the nail to grow in length | Matrix |
| The __________________ of a cell is essentially a two-layered lipid film with proteins embedded in it | Plasma membrane |
| The inorganic matrix of bone is composed primarily of calcium and _______________ | Phosphorus |
| _______________ stratified squamous epithelium provides a surface that is abrasion resistant but also moist and slippery. It's found in places like the mouth, esophagus, and vagina | Nonkeratinized |
| Osteocytes are essentially bone-building cells which have become trapped in matrix they deposited. The "bubbles" in which we find these cells are called___________________ | Lacunae |
| In comparison to the ears, we might describe the nose as more ________________ | Medial |
| What's the secretion that keeps the eardrum pliable and waterproofs the ear canal? | Cerumen |
| _________________ tissue has bundles of collagen fibers that are closely packed and that run in apparently random directions. We might find this in places where tension may be applied from different directions. | Dense irregular connective |
| _____________ is a phrase of mitosis in which the chromatids are pulled apart by contraction of spindle fibers from opposite poles | Vasoconstriction |
| The ____________ is a layer below the reticular layer of the dermis. Its highly vascular, so drugs are often injected here. | Anaphase |
| Hair that is relatively flat in cross-section is most likely to appear ______________ | Hypodermis |
| Bone can grow by adding more matrix internally (within the epiphyseal plate to lengthen the bone). This type of growth is called ____________ growth | Tightly Curly |
| ______________ are considered the smallest units that are alive, because they have all of the parts needed to carry out basic functions of life | Cells |
| In parts of the respiratory tract you might find epithelial tissue that may appear to consist of multiple layers of tail and skinny cells, but it's really a single layer of cells that are not all the same height. This would be considered ________ epitheli | Pseudostratified columnar |
| Cell size is limited by the relationship between its surface area and its ________________, because all the internal parts of the cell need to be absorb nutrients and get rid of waste | Volume |
| _______________ muscle has short branched cells, each with one nucleus and visible intercalated discs. It's used for movements that involuntarily pump the blood of the body | Cardiac |
| In endothelium, surfaces of the cells that face away from the basement membranes are called ____________ surfaces. | Apical |
| _______________ is an important function of the skin | Production of vitamin D |
| Hair that contains a lot of eumelanin would most likely appear _______________ | Black |
| A(n) ____________ is a process of a neuron that sends signals away from the soma | Axon |
| ___________________ are structures that extend from the cell surface in order to increase surface area ( in places like the intestine) | Microvilli |
| The _____________ is the outer layer of a hair follicle (it is not direct contact with the root of the hair, and it is derived from the dermis) | Connective tissue root sheath |
| _________________ is movement of materials through a membrane caused by higher pressure on one side of the membrane than the other. | Filtration |
| The _______________ is the region we typically call the ankle. | Tarsus |
| ______________ is the study of tissue | Histology |
| Adenine and guanine are double- ringed nucleotides called a(n) _______________ | Purines |
| Where might one find an osteon? | Within compact bone |
| Which type of tissue might you find in the tibia of a living person? | Osseous Tissue, Cartilage, Nervous Tissue, |
| Forward movement of a body part, on a plane parallel with the ground, is called ________________ | Protraction |
| What is a condition of the anatomical position? | Palms are turned forwards |
| The attachment of a tooth is to its socket is called a _________________ | Agomphosis |
| Identical twins share all of the following except | Finger prints |
| The _________________ region is the region from the elbow to the wrist | Antebrachial |
| Most of a person's sweat glands are _____________ which produces a watery perspiration to cool the body | Merocrine sweat glands |
| The stomach, kidney, and small intestine are found within the ___________ body cavity, below the diaphragm | Abdominal |
| The round or oval shaped structure within a cell that contains DNA is called the _________________ | Nucleus |
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mar2769
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