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Respiratory & larynx
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pharynx function | allows breathing, swallowing & eating |
| sections of pharynx | nasopharynx orophrynx laryngopharynx |
| what drains into the inferior meatus | nasolacrimal duct |
| what drains into the middle meatus | maxillary, ethmoid & frontal sinuses |
| what drains into the superior meatus | posterior ethmoid cells |
| right lung | pulmonary artery is anterior to bronchus |
| left lung | pulmonary artery is superior to bronchus |
| what innervates the parietal pleura | phrenic & intercostal nerves |
| what innervates the visceral pleura | autonomics - P & S |
| pleura that are innervated by intercostal nerves | costal & cervical |
| pleura that are innervated by phrenic nerves | mediastinal & diaphragmatic |
| costodiaphramtic recess | hold in pleura |
| pleural effusion | excess fluid in pleural cavity |
| pulmonary plexus | contains both S & P |
| pulmonary plexus parasympathetics | supplies by CN X - bronchoconstriction |
| pulmonary plexus sympathetics | supplied by postganglionic fibers of T1-T4 - bronchodilation |
| unpaired laryngeal cartilages | epiglottis thyroid cricoid |
| paired laryngeal cartilages | arytenoids corniculate cuneiform |
| elastic laryngeal cartilages | epiglottis corniculate cuneiform |
| hyaline laryngeal cartilages | thyroid cricoid arytenoids |
| where are the arytenoids | on top of the cricoid |
| what do the arytenoid do | changes shape of vocal opening |
| what connects the thyroid & cricoid cartilages | cricothyroid membrane |
| free edge of conus elasticus | vocal lig |
| abductor of vocal fold | posterior cricoarytenoid |
| what changes pitch | cricothyroid |
| external carotid artery -> | superior thyroid a -> superior laryngeal a |
| thyrocercial trunk (from subclavian a ) -> | inferior thyroid a -> inferior laryngeal a |
| what supplies the region below vocal folds | inferior thyroid a |
| what supplies the region above vocal folds | superior thyroid a |
| what loops around right subclavian | right recurrent (laryngeal) vagus |
| what loops around arch of aorta | left recurrent (laryngeal) vagus |
| what does the recurrent branch of vagus innervate | intensive muscles of larynx |
| what innervates cricothyroid | external laryngeal of superior laryngeal branch of vagus |
| injury to laryngeal branch of vagus | paralysis of vocal folds |
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